Effects Of Polychlorinated Biphenyl 104 On Migration And Invasion Of Endometrial Stromal Cells

Objectives:Polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs),as part of environmental contaminants,have been proved to be related to endometriosis.This study is to investigate the effect of PCB 104 on cell migration,invasion and resultant gene expression in endometrial stromal cells(ESCs).Method:Fifty-three specimens of eutopic endometrial tissues were collected from twenty-four women with endometriosis(EU-EMS)and twenty-nine women without endometriosis(EU-NON)at the time of laparoscopy.Both EU-EMS and EU-NON were divided into the PCB 104 exposure group and the control group according to whether they were exposed to PCB 104.Primary cultured ESCs were exposed to PCB 104 at the concentrations of 2,5 and 10 ?mol/L in six-well plates.Cell mobility and proliferation assay were used to evaluate the effects of PCB 104 on the migration, invasion and proliferation of ESCs,and the effect of PCB 104 exposure on actin cytoskeleton was also examined by immunofluorescence.Subsequently,the mRNA and protein levels of related genes including matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-3,MMP-10 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase(TIMP)-2 in ESCs were examined by using real-time PCR and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results:1.PCB 104 exposure significantly increased the migration of ESCs compared with the control group,whether in EU-NON(mean cell number:132.3 versus 63.3(24h),P = 0.005;241 versus 108(48h),P = 0.001)or EU-EMS group(mean cell number:74 versus 35.3(24h),P = 0.008;200 versus 67.3(48h),P-0.000),together with the increase of cell invasion ability(EU-NON,122 versus 62,P = 0.015;EU-EMS,120 versus 65,P = 0.02).2.No significant difference was found in cell proliferation between PCB 104 exposure group and the control group in EU-NON or EU-EMS.3.Cellular F-actin stained with FITC-phalloidin reduced in ESCs exposed to PCB104,although no statistical difference was observed.4.The mRNA and protein levels of MMP-3 and MMP-10 in ESCs treated with PCB 104 were higher than that in the control,with a dose-and time-dependent manner in mRNA level,while the expression of TIMP-2 did not change significantly.Moreover,PCB 104 exposure induced higher expression of MMP-10 mRNA in EU-NON compared with EU-EMS(PCB 104 at 2 ?mol/L,P = 0.019;5 ?mol/L,P =0.400;10 ?mol/L,P = 0.001).Conclusion:PCB 104 promotes migration and invasion of ESCs by inducing the expression of MMP-3 and MMP-10 in both mRNA and protein levels.