| Objectives To understand the maintenance of vitamin A in children after the firstintervention,analyze the influencing factors of vitamin A,and access the effect of the second-interventions on the improvement of dietary vitamin A,serum vitamin A levels,and physical growth levels in school-age children.in order to provide scientific basis for exploring vitamin A nutrition improvement measures suitable for school-aged children in rural areas.Methods The project was implemented on the basis of 14 schools that were intervened during the first-intervention.Firstly,a cluster sampling method was used to select one school as an intervention one in the two cities of Longxi County and Xigu District respectively.Then,with the principle of closeness to the intervention school area and living environment that choose one in two regions as a control school.According to the principle of voluntariness there were selected396 children in the study.The study was divided into two parts that were the investigation of blank period and the assessment of second-intervention.The blank period survey indicators included dietary survey,serum vitamin A level test,physical growth measurement,and vitamin A impact factors analysis;these indicators were performed after the second-intervention again.The nutrition intervention method was: the intervention group of children was given a vitamin A nutritional biscuit supplement(daily intake of vitamin A is approximately 136.59 ?gRE)on the basis of a normal diet,and the control group received a normal diet without intervention.The intervention period was 6 months.All data were inputted by Epidata 3.1 and Excel 2010.All data analysis were conducted using SPSS 24.0 statistical software.The T-test was used for the comparison of measurement data.And the Chi-square test was applied for categorical data.The Analysis of Variance was used for the univariate analysis,the logistic regression method was used for the the multivariate factors analysis.A level P<0.05 was used to indicate statistical significance.Results The result of blank period:(1)Compared with the results of the first-intervention,after 6 months of blank period,children's dietary vitamin A and serum vitamin A levels decreased.The dietary vitamin A of children decreased from 499.55 ?gRE to 328.45 ?g RE(P<0.001),the serum vitamin A level decreased from 598.83 ?g/L to 433.19 ?g/L(P<0.001),the vitamin A deficiency rate increased from 1.01% to 4.29%(P<0.05),and the vitamin A marginal deficiency rate increased from 5.07% to 12.37%(P<0.05).(2)Using univariate analysis,household income monthly,household food expenditure monthly,household size,mother's education,and dietary intake were statistically significant(P<0.05);Multiple Logistic regressions showed that household income monthly,household food expenditure monthly,and intake of meat and vegetables could affect serum vitamin A levels in school-age children.The result of nutritional intervention: After the intervention,the intervention group of dietary vitamin A increased from 327.95 ?gRE to 476.71 ?gRE(P<0.001),and the control group increased from 330.09 ?gRE to 375.64 ?gRE(P<0.05);after the intervention,there was a difference between the two groups(P <0.05).(2)After intervention,the serum vitamin A level in the intervention group increased from 445.32 ?g/L to 491.07 ?g/L(P<0.001).In the control group,the serum vitamin A level increased from 431.67 ?g/L to 439.36 ?g/L(P >0.05),there was a statistically significant difference between the groups after intervention(P<0.05).(3)After the intervention,the vitamin A deficiency rate in the intervention group decreased from 4.24% to1.06%(P<0.05),the vitamin A marginal deficit rate decreased from 13.43% to 3.53%(P<0.001).The vitamin A deficiency rate was 4.42 % decreased to 3.54% in the control group(P>0.05),and there was no change in vitamin A marginal deficiency rate(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the vitamin A deficiency rate between the groups after intervention(P>0.05),and the marginal deficiency rate was statistically different(P<0.05).(4)After the intervention,the height and weight of the intervention group and the control group increased compared with the baseline data;there was no significant difference between the boys and the girls' height(P>0.05);the weight of the boys in the intervention group increased by 2.1 kg.The control group increased by1.7 kg,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the weight gain of girls between the two groups(P>0.05);the malnutrition rate of children in the intervention group decreased from 7.42% to 5.65%(P> 0.05),there was no significant change in the control group(P> 0.05),the difference between the two groups after the intervention was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions Vitamin A nutritional intervention has improved serum vitamin A levels in children,and also has a positive effect on children's growth.These showed that the implementation of long-term,low-dose vitamin A supplementation in the region is good for children's Vitamin A nutritional status effect. |
PDF Full Text Request