Role Of Autophagy In The Process Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease And Its Mechanism Research Progress (Review)

Objective:This paper recalculates correlative domestic and foreign reference,to discuss the role of autophagy in the process of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),so as to guide the further study of the pathogenesis of COPD,thus to explore new targets for the treatment of COPD.Methods:Autophagy and COPD were selected as the key words in databases of Chinese periodicals and Wanfang database."autophagy chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"were searched as the key words in databases of Pubmed Ovid and Embase.This paper collected and summarized 70 articles about autophagy and COPD,which were written in recent five years.Results:This article reviews related literature at home and abroad and finds that Autophagy influences the pathogenesis of COPD in many processes(1)Airway epithelial cells dying:it is still does not reach a consensus on whether autophagy enhanced or weakened in the processes of airway epithelial cells dying.Most studies suggest that autophagy in airway epithelial cells is weaken.(2)Chronic inflammation:In macrophages,autophagy insufficient would lead to clearance dysfunction;in neutrophils,autophagy enhance,which was induced by PAFR;in CD8~+T cells,autophagy enhance,promoting the activation of in CD8~+T cells and release of cytokines;in the inflammation signaling pathway,different inflammation signaling pathways activate autophagy,and the activation of autophagy can inhibit the release of inflammation cytokines and prevent excessive inflammation reaction.(3)Mucus secretion:inhibiting autophagy can reduce airway mucus secretion which induced by CS and IL-13.(4)Airway remodeling:In pulmonary vascular endothelial cells,the autophagy was weakened,ceramide can activate the autophagy,and improve the remodeling of pulmonary vascular endothelial cells.(5)Skeletal muscle atrophy:in skeletal muscles,autophagy enhanced which lead to skeletal muscle cell dysfunction.(6)Selective autophagy:when exposed in high concentration of CS(20%),autophagy leads to mitochondrial necrotic apoptosis;when exposed in low concentration of CS(1%),mitochondrial parkin translocation process disorder takes place,resulting in mitochondrial autophagy insufficent and aging cells gainning.HDAC6 dependent cilia autophagy can regulate the length of cilia to enhance autophagy of cilia.Inhibiting the expression of HDAC6,or inhibiting autophagy can improve cilia function.Conclusion:1.Autophagy takes part in the processes including airway epithelial cell death,chronic inflammation,mucous secretion,airway remodeling,and skeletal muscle atrophy in COPD,which influence many processes of COPD.Selective autophagy also plays a role in the pathogenesis of COPD.It is still does not reach a consensus on whether the role of autophagy in COPD is enhanced or weakened.Most references tend to autophagy flux inhibited and autophagy weaken during the pathogenesis of COPD.Autophagy inducers can active autophagy flux and improve emphysema.2.In different cells,autophagy abnormalities can be induced through different pathways.More accurate autophagy activator or inhibitor will be used for regulating the level of autophagy in the future,which will provide new targets for the treatment of COPD..3.Chronic inflammation is the core of the pathogenesis of COPD.To study the specific mechanisms of autophagy in chronic inflammation of COPD in depth,which may have important meanings to controlling of the inflammation reaction of COPD,...