Study On Nutritional Status And Influence Factors Of Children Aged 0～5 Years Old In Huangpi District,Wuhan City

Objects: Exploring nutritional status and influence factors of 0～5 year-old children living in the Huangpi district,Wuhan city.And provide the scientific basis for children’s health intervention.Methods: In April 2016,a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling survey on 2338 children aged 0～5 years old was taken in 10 streets(township,site,development zone)in Huangpi district,Wuhan city.Data were collected by questionnarie,anthropometric measurement and detection of hemoglobin.Descriptive analysis,Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis were conducted in data analysis with SPSS 21.0.Results:(1)Descriptive analysis:(1)The incidence of underweight,stunting were respectively 5.6%,1.7% in 2338 children aged 0～5 years old.(2)2338 caregivers were surveyed totally,the proportion of parents was 70.8%,the education level of junior middle school and below was 66.9%.The median household annual income was 60 thousand yuan.1495 mothers answered the questionnaire,and1462 mothers built preconception care booklets,the rate of building the booklets was97.8%(1462/1495),the rate of making prenatal examination in pregnancy was96.8%(1447/1495),the number of antenatal examination not less than 5 times was53.2%(755/1418),the hospital delivery rate was 99.6%(2295/2304).(3)The birth rate of macrosomia was 7.5%(171/2289),and the rate of low birthweight was 3.9%(90/2289).The pure breastfeeding rate of children under 6months of age was 44.3%(1036/2338),73.2%(1588/2168)of the children started to add complementary food.full after 6 months of age.During the last two weeks,212 children had diarrhea and 717 children had respiratory diseases.The detection rate of anemia was 6.9%(160/2323).(2)Single factor analysis showed that: Difference of children’s monthage,prenatal examination,birthweight,the time children spent with mothers everyday,diarrhea in the last two weeks and household annual income influenced the occurrence of underweight;Difference of buliding the pregnancy care booklets,prenatal examination,children’s birthweight,and anemia influenced the occurrence of stunting.(3)Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that:Birthweight,the time children spent with mothers everyday,diarrhea in the last two weeks and household annual income were influence factors of underweight for children.The risk of underweight in children had diarrhea in the last two weeks was higher than children did not have diarrhea in the last two weeks(OR=1.89,95%CI=1.10～3.24),birthweight > 4.0kg,the time children spent with mothers everyday ≧5h and household annual income >80thousand yuan were protective factors of underweight for children;Low birthweight was risk factor of stunting for children.And the impacted factors of stunting was birthweight,the risk of stunting in children birth weight < 2.5kg was higher than children with normal birtweight(OR=3.53,95%CI=1.33～9.37).Conclusions: There was still a certain degree of malnutrition in children aged 0～5years old in Huangpi district of Wuhan city,underweight was major,the status of stunting was better.Birthweight was affecting factors of underweight and stunting,the risk of underweight in children birthweight >4.0kg reduced,and the risk of stunting in children birthweight < 2.5 kg increased.The time children spent with mothers everyday,diarrhea in the last two weeks,and household annual income were also influenced children’s nutritional status.The nursing level of caregivers needed to be improved,and health education in various forms should be implemented to increase the raising level of caregivers and the nutrition level of children.