The Research On Pattern Of The Virtual Verb Of Modern Chinese

In recent years, study of virtual verbs in linguistics is mainly based on the traditional grammatical analysis, and the views are different. Pattern grammar is different from the traditional grammar, which is widely used in the linguistics study of foreign and the research of English grammar, but rarely involved in the study of Chinese, and the pattern is not extracted in Chinese.In this thesis, Four hundred and seventeen absolute high frequency verbs are count in the modern Chinese Corpus. This paper takes eight virtual verbs as our studying objects according to the double standards of the lexical meaning and grammatical meaning. The research method of pattern grammar is used mainly in this thesis, extracting the colligation of virtual verbs and the words which frequently occur together from the corpus. Through the calculation and comparison of the co-occurrence frequency, determining the framework of words occurs relatively frequently, and summing up patterns of virtual verbs according to the standards—if it is dependent on a particular words choice, and if there is a clear meaning associated with it.Inducting the patterns step by step, the colligation which is fully justified by standards of patterns is Class A, and then base on left and right collocation, summing up the second stage of patterns.Firstly, we define the name, meaning and scope of the virtual verbs on the basis of previous studies, and take “do” as an example, demonstrating the process of the acquisition of the patterns.Then, extracting the patterns of virtual verbs exhaustively and summarizing them, and then analyzing the syntax and semantics of each pattern.We draw the following conclusions: the virtual verb's lexical meaning and grammatical meaning are both virtual. They can be divided into two kinds of verbs of“engage” and “to be” according to the common semantic features, the “to be” verbs are virtual than “engage” verbs in the semantics.All the virtual verbs have their two grade patterns, “engage” verbs can match with the Noun objects,which are superior in number to “to be” verbs. Pattern is dependent on a particular words choice, and these words have the common semantic features, some second stage patterns have a concrete meaning on the whole, such as “do work”. Comparison of two kinds of virtual verb internal tell us that “do” and “make”,“to be” and “be given” have the same patterns and different patterns,because of different frequency, semantic featuresand grammatical function, the patterns are only partially overlap, and the same pattern of virtual verbs, virtual verb is different, different characteristics of pattern.Comparison between the two kinds of the virtual verbs tell us that they have the same patterns and different patterns, because of different syntactic function and semantic features, the same pattern have their own characteristics. Pattern grammar focus on language examples and pragmatic, can make up the problem of one-sidedness and subjectivity of the traditional grammar effectively.We extract the patterns of virtual verbs and analyze their syntax and semantics exhaustively, which has some complement to the research of modern Chinese studies. Pattern grammar uses a large amount of language materials, making learners to have a better understanding of the features and usage of virtual verb through the language examples,so as to reduce the phenomenon of misuse and mixing, which have a certain value of application for teaching Chinese as a second language.