Researching On Jade Of Shimao Site

Jade, which is widely distributed in many cultural sites, is honoured as omnipotence object in Neolithic Period as its various applications. Shimao site is well-known over the world for its jade. By researching the jades in Shimao site, consulting the Archaeological data and literature date, the writer discusses the research result of the jade in Shimao site and the reference spiritual culture in this thesis. There're two major results, one is classify the jade in Shimao site and their different applications, the other is according to research the jade in Shimao site to study the spiritual and cultural outlook of natives.There're 6 parts of this thesis:The introduction part simply introduces why the writer choose this object, outlines the research status of the jade in Shimao site, and also summarize the research methods and ideas.Chapter one is comprehensive introduction for Shimao site and related information. Including the geographical situation, the archaeological discovery and excavation process, the jade status in there, the settlement lay out there and so on. This is complete background information for the research of jade in Shimao site.Chapter two mainly about the quality and craftsmanship of jade in Shimao site. Even the quality and craftsmanship is an unavoidable point to research jade, it's very difficult to clarify this point as the lacking of related data and the limited knowledge of the writer.Chapter three describes the classification and application of the jade in Shimao. After study all jades in Shimao site, the writer classify them by etiquette application, agricultural production tool, jade weapon and others. The jade for etiquette application including YvZhang, YvBi, YvHuang and YvCong. Jade for etiquette application means this kind of jade is specially for worshiping Heaven and Earth, those jades themselves are jade sacrificial wares as this unique application. Agricultural production tools including jade shovel and jade knife, however these jades can't use to shovel or cut, just imply the real agricultural shovel and knife at the worship ceremony. This is also the reason why they're classified to this classification, as they means real agricultural production tools at the worship ceremony. For the same reason, jade weapon also imply the real weapon at the worship ceremony. Other jades including jade Xuanji, jade ring, jade profile figurine, jade eagle, jade decoration and jade hoop. As these jades are apply to astronomical observation, decoration, ancestor worship, religion and so on, it's very hard to define the classification, so just classify to others classification.Chapter four is about investigate the spiritual culture of Shimao jades. This part is about the source of Shimao jade and the spiritual culture reflect by Shimao jade. The writer must certify the Shimao jade was indeed made by natives first, or there's no way to research the native spiritual culture reflect by the jade in Shimao site. The emphasis of this chapter is the spiritual culture reflect by Shimao jade which also is the emphasis of this thesis. There're fore culture ideologies was summarize by the writer, including society outlook of ancestor worship, religious outlook of sun worship, political outlook of peaceful reunification, national theory of "round heaven and square earth" and the theory to advocate jade as the jade was applied to every field.The last part is about the reason which destroy Shimao site. This part shows ShiMao civilization was ruined before class society is the outcome of comprehensive action of activation of the internal class contradictions, decrease in agricultural production caused by natural disaster, foreign invasions and other reasons.