The Research On The Meanings Frequency Of Noun, Verb And Adjective For Teaching Chinese As A Foreign Language

Polysemy is a very important part of Chinese vocabulary. With the continuous development of study on Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language, more and more scholars have come to realize a series of problems caused by the lack of statistics on the meaning frequency of polysemy, including the prominent problem of senses sorting in writing a dictionary of Chinese as a Foreign Language and the unclear grades of senses of polysemy in the Outline of Graded Vocabulary for HSK, and the teaching of polysemy in the practice of Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language. However, few statistical studies concentrating on the meaning frequency of polysemy are carried out at present. It is highly unbalanced with the urgent demand for the statistics of meaning frequency.Aiming at the status quo, this paper, which is based on large-scale authentic corpus, synthetically uses the method of the combination of quantitative statistics and qualitative analysis, and the union of description and interpretation. We respectively choose 100 basic words from the nouns, verbs and adjectives, and annotate on their high-frequency collocations as well as presenting statistics of the frequency of senses, then we make a thorough analysis via the related calculations and observations on the distribution characteristics of meaning frequency. We find that the distribution of meaning frequency of polysemy is imbalanced. It is reflected not only in the huge difference in frequency among internal senses of a single word, but also in the big variance of distribution of meaning frequency among the nouns, verbs, adjectives. In the meanwhile, the distribution of meaning frequency between monosyllabic words and two-syllable words differs. We finally conclude that the distribution of meaning frequency of nouns, especially double syllable nouns, are the most unbalanced among nouns, verbs, adjectives, which are followed by adjectives. The verbs are the least unbalanced.By means of statistics and analysis, we try to provide some reference and enlightenment for paraphrase arrangement in the dictionary compilation, especially for the export-oriented dictionary, and offer some data to the problem of unclear grades of senses of polysemy caused by the lack of statistics of meaning frequency in the Outline of Graded Vocabulary for HSK. Through these efforts, we hope to further promote the perfection of vocabulary syllabus, and provide certain help for the compilation of textbook of Chinese as a Foreign Language as well as the practical teaching of vocabulary to the foreign students.