On The Characteristics And Influence Of Elizabethan Playhouses And Acting Companies

The Elizabethan era was a period of great change in British society,and the most prosperous era of theater.This prosperity is mainly manifested by the prosperity of the theaters and the acting companies.The purpose of this paper is to comprehensively understand the prosperity of the British drama industry by examine the external features and the characteristics of their internal operations of the theatres and companies.British drama has a long tradition,during the Roman-British era The scops and Christian priests were early "actors",they singing epic and playing moral drama and mysterious drama in the church and aristocratic living room.The Teachers and students of early universities will also play ancient Greek and Roman classic drama in the church.In the English countryside,by the early gods worship the development of the holiday activities also have a variety of short plays.In the late Middle Ages,the city's bear-bating houses,pubs and inns were able to gather a large number of guests,and attracted some players to perform in these leisure and entertainment venues.In the Tudor period,the traditions from the countryside and the church were gradually merged to develop secular dramas.Theaters and troupes developed rapidly in the Elizabethan era.The open-air public theater first appeared in London in 1576 next to the Thames,and in the next two decades,more public theater were built.These public theaters are designed as leisure venues,such as bear-bating houses,which are generally rounded,have two to three floors,and are partitioned by the viewers."Rose Theater","Curtain Theater" and"Universal Theater" are representatives of the open-air public theater,which are generally located in the suburbs of London.The design of these theaters is very popular for the audience,because they provide a different viewing experience in the pub and the funeral farm.In addition to the public theater,there are private theaters,private theaters are indoor theaters transformed from old buildings,and it is more luxurious than the open-air theater,the location is generally in the city center.In the private indoor theaters,performances are always provided by the boy actors,they are welcomed by the nobility.The playing companies' players will be regularly on tour,their tour time and route is fixed,the troupe's performance usually take place in the local city hall and square.They always play the most welcomed dramas during the tour.The troupe also tour abroad.The audiences are not from the fixed class,the nobility and civilians can enjoy the same show in a theater,they may sit in different auditorium,but enjoy the same scene.Which support for the prosperity of the theatres is the aristocratic patrons system,the playwright's professional work and the actor's fine perform.The patrons system is a system in which the nobility places the theater and the theater in their own name and provides asylum to members of the theater.This system cleared some obstacles and increased the income for the theaters and the troupes.The professionalism of the playwright is embodied in the process by which the playwright collaborates with each other,and take the audience's preferences as a reference.The actors include adult actors and boy actors,both of whom need to undergo professional training to exercise their "body,gesture and lines " ability to provide better performance.The internal operating mechanism provides a good condition for the development of the theater.Two most important effects of the development of the theater and the play companies for British society were the humanistic confrontation of the extreme Puritans and the strengthening of the British national identity.The Puritans began to attack the theaters in the 15th century,the content for the drama itself,the hatred for the actors,and the raging of plague were the reason why the Puritans attacked the theater and the companies.The city of London has been banned for several times since the mid-16th century,but the theater has continued to evolve thanks to the protection of the patrons.The humanistic spirit of drama is a resistance to the asceticism of Puritanism.The troupes and theaters also enrich and regulate the English language,through the language of the norms and the contents of the repertoire itself,theater and theater indirectly enhanced the British national identity.