| Number processing refers to the people on number recognition(coding),characterization,comparison,operation and a series of cognitive activities.Among them,number recognition(finding target number in two numbers),number comparison(comparing numerical quantity between two numbers),number matching(comparing whether two numbers is same in quantity)are three kinds of the most basic form of number processing.Dehaene and his colleagues tried to describe the processing stage of number comparing.This process was divided into three stages: recognizing,comparing and reacting.But they were lack of empirical evidence to support this process.Also,there are few experimental research to study these characteristics of the process.To this end,we conducted three experiments:Experiment 1 was designed to investigate whether the numerical recognition and numerical comparison are the successive two processing stages.The experiment was designed according to the experimental design logic of the subtraction reaction.The single factor was used in the design of the experiment,and the independent variable was the task type: the numeral recognition task,the numerical size comparison task and the numerical matching comparison task.By comparing with the numerical recognition task(task size comparison and matching)the reaction time difference,study in the numerical comparison process,two stages of numerical recognition and numerical comparisons have been carried out.At the same time,by comparing the difference of the response time between the numerical size comparison task and the numerical matching task,the differences between the two kinds of comparative processing are investigated.Experiment 2 examined the number distance effect and numerical size effect is generated in the numerical recognition stage or numerical phase comparison,and numerical distance and numerical size have different effects on three kinds of numerical processing tasks.The experiment through strict control of numerical and numerical to numerical distance size,distance and size of numerical respectively as independent variables,using the single factor within subjects design.The study of numerical recognition task,numerical comparison tasks and numerical matching task is induced by the distance effect and size effect,so as to study the characteristics of three kinds of numerical processing.Experiment 3 was designed to investigate whether the number of parity affect numericalrecognition,numerical size comparison and numerical matching.So,the 3 in the numerical recognition task using 2(parity target number)× 2(array parity level)within subjects design;used in numerical comparison tasks in single factor within subjects design variables,array types: even odd odd number group,group and group;used in numerical different matching task in single factor within subjects design,the independent variable is an array type: even odd parity array and group,group.By comparing the experimental data with different parity conditions,the effects of parity on the three processes are investigated.Experimental results show:(1)numerical identification and numerical comparison is two stages have been carried out in two stages;numerical recognition and numerical matching also have been carried out,in the numerical recognition stage does not automatically compare numbers and numbers.(2)in addition to the numerical size comparison task can induce numerical distance effect and numerical size effect,numerical recognition and numerical matching task can not induce the above two numerical processing effect.The numerical distance effect and the numerical size effect.(3)numerical size comparison is faster than numerical matching.The number of numerical recognition,numerical size comparison,numerical matching judgment and the response time of different matching judgment are increased.(4)the number of parity does not affect the number of recognition tasks and different matching tasks.In the numerical comparison task,appear even processing advantage effect was even on group size comparison array and parity arrays are fast. |
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