Study Of The Modern Chinese Negative Polarity Modal Adverbs

After defining the modern Chinese negative polarity modal adverbs,and based on thefrequency of ues,state of research,and lexical semantic,this article chooses“jue”,“sihuo”,“qianwan” and “wanwan”as the object of study,and researching it from three-dimension theory of the syntax,semantics and pragmatics.In the layer of syntax,focusing on the negative feature of the negative polarity modal adverbs,we mainly analysis the co-occurrence of the negative polarity modal adverbs withthe Negative Words.And we found that,“jue” can co-occurring with the Negative Words of the type of “bu”and the type of “mei(you)”,and cannot cooccurring with the Negative Words of the type of “bie” in general;“sihuo”not only can co-occurring with “bu”,which belongs to the Negative Words of the type of “bu”,but also can co-occurring with“mei(you)”,which belongs to the Negative Words of the type of “mei(you)”,and cannot co-occurring with the Negative Words of the type of “bie” in general.“qianwan”not only can co-occurring with “bu”,which belongs to the Negative Words of the type of “bu”,but also canco-occurring with the Negative Words of the type of “bie”,and cannot co-occurring with the Negative Words of the type of “mei(you)” in general.“wanwan”can not only co-occurring with “bu”,which belongs to the Negative Words of the type of “bu”,but also can cooccurring with“mei(you)”“wei”,which belong to the Negative Words of the type of “mei(you)”,and cannot co-occurring with the Negative Words of the type of “bie” in general.In the layer of semantics,according to the analysis of the dictionary definition,we found the semantic feature of the negative polarity modal adverbs—semantic polarity.The insiders of negative polarity modal adverbs also exist differences.“jue” puts particular emphasis on expressing “absolutely” “entirely”,excluding any possibility;“sihuo” puts particular emphasis on expressing the “anyhow”“in any event”strong and subjective wishes of the subject;“qianwan” puts particular emphasis on expressing politely admonish and counsel,the semantic degree is slight;“wanwan” not only can express sincerely admonish and counsel,but also can expressthe feeling of surprise,the mood is strong.The subject of “jue” “sihuo”and “wanwan” are mostly the third person,the subject of “wanwan”is mostly the second person,and the reasons are that,in the layer of semantics,“jue””sihuo””wanwan” mostly focus on inferring the behavior,thought and status of the third person,and “qianwan” mostly expresses warning and discouragement.In the layer of pragmatics,negative polarity modal adverbs have the functions of asserting,expressing the focus and expressing the mood.According to analyzing the cognition,perspective and emotion of the speakers found that,negative polarity modal adverbs can prominencing the speakers' subjectivity.And the usage of the negative polarity modal adverbs also notices the requirements and attitudes of the listeners,reflecting the interactive subjectivity of the language.The negative polarity modal adverb“jue”is not only suitable for the written language,but also applies to the spoken style;“sihuo”is only appropriate for the spoken style in general,“qianwan” “wanwan”mostly apply to the spoken style.