Contrastive Study On Realization Approach Of Figure And Ground In Pastoral Poetry Of Wang Wei And Wordsworth

As excellent representatives of pastoral poetry in China and west,there exist a large number of realization approaches of figure and ground in Wang Wei's and Wordsworth's pastoral poems,including lexical and syntactic levels.Previous studies,however,are limited in the these aspects: they less adopted the cognitive perspective,especially the Figure-Ground Theory;few of them are achieved from a linguistic approach;the realization of figure and ground in those studies majorly focus on localizer in Chinese and preposition in English without much consideration of other words and sentences' level;few of them are contrastive studies.Therefore,based on the Figure-Ground Theory,this present thesis is to explore the similarities and differences of realization approaches of figure and ground in lexical and syntactic levels in pastoral poetry of Wang Wei and Wordsworth,in which the data in this study has been collected from the corpus the author established herself.The findings are as follows:First,there are similarities and differences among types of realization approaches of figure and ground(RAFG)in lexical and syntactic level(LR and SR).In regard to LR,RAFG by employing preposition(LR1;named as localizer in Chinese),RAFG by employing verb(LR2),RAFG by employing noun(LR3),and RAFG by employing adjective(LR4)have been found in Wang Wei's pastoral poems.LR1,LR2,and LR5(RAFG by employing adverbial)have been adopted in Wordsworth's poems.As for SR,SR1(RAFG by employing complex sentence expressing time relation),SR2(RAFG by employing complex sentence expressing condition relation),SR3(RAFG by employing complex sentence expressing cause-result relation)all have been used in the two.Second,similarities and differences exist in LR.For one thing,similarities are as follows: LR1 and LR2 take up the largest part in lexical level;in light with LR1,both topological and projective dimensional orientation can be figured out in the two poems,and besides,both the topological one contributes to more than the projectiveone;as for LR2,they both hold the largest part among the total LR and majorly highlight motion or direction of figures,by using single verb and phrase both.For another,differences are among these: in regard to LR1,detailed topological and projective dimensional orientations are of difference;for LR2,phrase in Wordsworth's takes a larger part than its in Wang's,and moreover,single verbs can be classified into directional verbs and non-directional verbs in Wang's,which is special in Chinese,while it falls into transitive verbs and intransitive verbs in Wordsworth's,which is unique in English;LR3 and LR4 are only employed by Wang to highlight figures' color,dynamic,as well as orientation;LR5 has just been found in Wordsworth's to highlight orientation and dynamic of figures.Third,there are similarities and differences in SR.Similarities are as follows:SR1 takes up the largest part;the language order of SR2 and SR3 is prone to ground before figure.Differences can be drawn out: implicit and explicit clauses could be found in Wang Wei's,while only explicit one can be found in Wordsworth's;as for SR1,events with time clause all happen before events with main clauses,which means the language orders here are all ground before figure,while SR1 are manifested with different conjunction,with various language orders;SR2 occupies the second part in Wang Wei's and all grounds are before figures,while it holds the smallest in Wordsworth's,and there exists a phenomenon of figure before ground;SR3 occupies the second part in Wordsworth's,but holds the smallest in Wang Wei's.The present study proves that lexically,compared with the LR in Wordsworth's,the forms and numbers of LR in Wang Wei's are more various than it in Wordsworth's;syntactically,SR have three forms in both two,and besides,language order in Wang Wei's is prone to G before F,but F before G in Wordsworth's;on the whole,differences of LR and SR are more than similarities in the two.