The Impact Of Reference-Point Dependence And Mental Budget On The Implementation Of Congestion Charging Policy

Congestion charges have always been considered as an effective way to ease road traffic congestion.The demand and traffic distribution of the transport network can be affected by charging appropriate fees and the existing limited road capacity can be used more effectively and create income for road maintenance and construction.A basic problem in the actual design and implementation of the road toll plan is how to develop effective road pricing strategies in a simple and practical way.However,in reality,the implementation of congestion charging cannot always achieve the desired goal.In view of this phenomenon,this paper puts the reference-point dependence and mental budget into the traveler's travel route decision-making behavior,and studies the influence of reference-point dependence and mental budget on the effect of congestion pricing,providing reference for the establishment of congestion charging strategy.The specific content of this paper is as follows:This paper first reviews the application of reference-dependence theory and mental account theory in traffic travel behaviors,considering the limitations of the expected utility theory,and referring to the impact of reference dependence theory and mental budget on the path decision behavior of travelers,as well as the related travel decision models and numerical models constructed.This paper considers the attributes of travel time and congestion charging on the traveler's travel decisions,in the calculation of travel utility,the effects of reference-point dependence and mental budget are considered separately,and the corresponding traffic assignment model and solution algorithm are proposed.Through the example analysis,the impact of reference-point dependence on the implementation of congested charging is considered in consideration of the two conditions of minimum system total travel time and capacity constraint.Then,through an example,the influence of different values of mental budget on the implementation effect of congestion charging is analyzed.Next,through an example,this paper studies a two-stage congestion charging system considering reference-point dependence and explore the trial-and-error congestion charging problem based on marginal cost pricing considering reference point dependence and mental budget.And the impact of reference point dependence and mental budget on the implementation path of congestion charging is verified.At last,this paper designs the optimal congestion charging model considering the reference point dependence with the goal of minimizing the total system time and meeting the environmental capacity constraints.And the solution algorithm is proposed.Through a example,the optimal road tolls of two cases are calculated,and two charging models are verified.