Study On Suicidal Attitude And Influencing Factors Of Middle School Students In Guizhou Province Based On Structural Equation Model

Objective: To understand the current status of suicidal attitudes among middle school students in Guizhou province,and to analyze the direct and indirect effects of middle school students’ suicidal attitudes based on the structural equation model,so as to provide reference for the prevention of suicidal behavior among middle school students.Methods:In Guizhou Province,5109 middle school students from three regions of Guiyang,Qiandongnan and Bijie were selected according to the level of economic development.The multi stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to investigate the self-made questionnaire,Suicide Attitude Questionnaire(QSA)and the self rating depression scale of middle school students.The questionnaire was recorded by Epidata3.1 software,the data was analyzed by SPSS23.0 software,the ratio of counting data and the ratio of composition were described in the statistical description.The measurement data of normal distribution were described with mean and standard deviation,and the single factor analysis adopted chi square test and rank sum test,and the exploratory factor was used.In the four aspects of individual,family,school and society,the common factor is extracted as latent variable of the model,and the structural equation model is constructed by Amos23.0 software.Results:Among the 5,109 middle school students surveyed,1,784 in Guiyang,1,708 in Bijie and 1,617 in Qiandongnan;2,491 in junior high school and 2,618 in high school;2,448 boys and 2,661 girls.Middle school students in Guizhou province havea neutral or contradictory attitude towards suicide,with a total average score of(2.928±0.327).There are 192(3.8%)students who are positive and tolerant of suicidal behavior,and they have a positive and tolerant attitude toward suicide.There were1845(36.1%)students.There were 3475(68.0%)students with a positive and tolerant attitude toward the families of the suicides.There were 1063(20.8%)students with a positive and tolerant attitude towards euthanasia.Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the distribution of suicidal attitude among middle school students with different gender,age,grade,smoking status,drinking status,whether to play online games,loneliness,anxiety,depression,and self-mutilation(P<0.05);the difference in the distribution of suicidal attitude among middle school students with different levels of parental education,parental status,parental relationship,parental requirements,parental communication,and family violence was statistically significant(P<0.05);Schools differ in the distribution of suicidal attitudes among middle school students who study life,study stress,academic performance,relationships with their classmates,school life education,safety education for study,school survival education,school life education,and school frustration education(P<0.05).There are statistically significant differences in the distribution of suicide attitude among various social bullying and urban and rural middle school students(P< 0.05).Exploratory factor analysis draws three common factors in terms of years of education,depression,anxiety,and health-related behaviors on a personal level.It also draws two public factors on parental parenting style and parental cultural background in the family;There are two common factors in the education and learning of life;social insults and two common factors in urban and rural areas have been extracted in society.The structural equation model showed that depression and anxiety had the greatest impact on suicidal attitude(total effect was0.414),followed by parental rearing style(-0.282),learning status(0.236),social bullying(0.125)and school life education(0.094).The structural equation model also shows that anxiety,depression,learning,school life-related education and social bullying have an indirect positive effect on suicidal behavior and euthanasia,while parental rearing patterns have an indirect negative effect on suicidal behavior andeuthanasia;parents parenting has an indirect positive effect on the suicide and suicide families.Anxiety,depression,learning,school life education,and social bullying have an indirect negative effect on the suicide and suicide family.Conclusion: Middle school students in Guizhou need to improve their understanding of the nature of suicidal behavior.The influencing factors of suicide attitude of middle school students are complex and multi-faceted.The same influencing factors have different effects on different dimensions of total suicide attitude and suicide attitude,and the influencing factors between different dimensions are not all the same.It will be directly and indirectly influenced by many factors.Among them,depression,anxiety,parental rearing styles,and learning conditions will have a significant impact on the suicidal attitude of middle school students.To prevent the occurrence of suicidal behavior among middle school students,attention should be paid to the mental health of middle school students.This requires families.The support of schools,schools,and society is certainly held.The high-risk groups with tolerant attitudes will increase their help and eventually change their bad attitude towards suicide,establish a correct outlook on life,and then eliminate suicidal ideation.