| Citizen image,as one of the most important constituents of the multi-dimensional national image,refers to the impression and understanding that the people of a particular country hold about those of another nation.It is not only a significant manifestation of the national image,but also an effective way to improve the national image(Simon,2007).Since it was put forward,citizen image has aroused great research interest among scholars and officials;consequently,many relevant studies have started to spring up both at home and abroad.However,most of the studies on citizen image are conducted based on empirical surveys or combined with mass media.The research of citizen image construction in the field of linguistics,especially those integrated with Attitude system,are quite rare.Therefore,this thesis intends to explore how the citizen image of Chinese people is constructed by taking Chinese outbound tourists as a case in foreign news discourse from the perspective of the Attitude system within the Appraisal framework.Employing Attitude system as the theoretical foundation,the thesis aims to investigate the construction of Chinese tourists' citizen image within English language news reports released on the official websites of the Korea Times and the Nation from January 1st,2010 to December 31 st,2016.It seeks to answer the following three questions: i)What kinds of attitudinal resources are employed in these news reports? ii)What are the distribution features of these attitudinal resources? iii)What are the realizations of Chinese tourists' citizen images revealed in these news reports via these attitudinal resources?To address the three research questions,both quantitative and qualitative analyses are conducted to reveal major findings: i)Judgement resource and Appreciation resource are more frequently employed to evaluate Chinese tourists,especially the propriety,capacity and valuation resources.It seems that the news reports are more inclined to express their judgments and evaluations of Chinese tourists based on institutionalized norms and social values.ii)In terms of the appraised,the shopping behaviors and improper performances,occupying relatively more attitudinal resources,are chiefly evaluated with valuation and propriety resources,supplemented by some capacity resources to emphasize Chinese tourists' strong consumption competence.With respect to the appraiser,Chinese tourists are evaluated by various appraisers,among which the reports writers always enjoy the biggest say.Moreover,shopping behaviors are principally evaluated by officials and stores,followed by local residents;while the improper behaviors are mainly assessed by local residents and officials,and stores remain silent.iii)the massive employment of attitudinal resources reveals five main kinds of citizen images of Chinese tourists in these news reports,and the detail realizations are demonstrated as follows: many negative resources,especially propriety and valuation ones,are combined to portray Chinese tourists as shopaholics and uncivilized actors;while more positive attitudinal resources are employed to present Chinese tourists' characters of economic promoters,rational consumers and misunderstood groups,among which valuation resources take the largest proportion.Besides,some positive propriety and capacity resources are respectively used to highlight Chinese tourists' rational consumptive conception and their strong consumption competence.The study reveals the citizen image of Chinese tourists with the attitudinal resources within the Appraisal framework,which proves the research feasibilities of citizen image in the area of linguistics and multiplies the applied researches on Attitude system.Furthermore,the analysis of the image of Chinese tourists is hoped to provide some implications for improving the self-recognition of Chinese people and enhancing their citizen image. |
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