| With the rapid development of national economy, the population aging problem is increasingly serious, in 2002, the world over the age of 60 accounted for 10% of the world's population, the number will rise to 21% by 2050. This caused by demographic transition actively an ageing population, has become a common social problem in the world today. At present, China's population aging trend obviously, in the face of such a large elderly population, we want them to "old time". But due to the current the diversification of the elderly and more hierarchical, their pension demand also presents the diversification, government forces alone is unable to solve, and the traditional family endowment, institution endowment has been unable to meet the diverse needs of old people. Today, most of older people, especially the elderly people tend to spend their later years in once familiar environment life, so the community endowment becomes the best choice to solve the present endowment. Based on the family, it retains the family care; Based on the community, it gives the old familiar living environment; through the government support, it provides the institutions endowment of resources. In the Party's report first mention of 18 to coping with an ageing population, to develop the aging services and industry, this is the central party committee in view of the growing aging population situation of major strategic deployment. At the same time, the ministry of civil affairs for the social endowment service system construction plan, 2011-2015 "also pointed out:" social endowment service system construction should be on the basis of family endowment and community as the backing, agency for support ".Community endowment service in our country is still in its infancy, compared with abroad still has a long way to go, while the community can provide basic endowment facilities, opening the clinic convenient old people visiting, unfold the housekeeping service for the elderly life care, organize the elderly to participate in various cultural activities, but there are also some problems. First, insufficient funds, lack of market. Most of the community endowment service needs funds or by a government grant, market participation is not enough, limited professional social service agencies and organizations, community endowment service source of funds is very scarce. Second, the service level is low. The construction of community health service stations can't satisfy the needs of the elderly, it can only provide general nursing examination, for complex condition, can give effective solution. Professional medical personnel itself is not strong, although has cooperation with large and medium-sized hospitals, but the hospital experts' time and number of visits is limited, The Times of can only meet the needs of a small percentage of older elderly; Community life care personnel, on the one hand, only simple trained, professional degree is not enough. On the other hand, as a volunteer team, strong liquidity, and not trained, with only personal dedication. Third, the community endowment service object and content of the single. Community hardware facilities equipped with insufficient, the service object mostly revolves around has the characteristics of a group, lacking of attention to mental health in the elderly. Fourth, the lack of service evaluation mechanism. At present, the community endowment service in this block is almost blank, only scoring system has carried out simple medical service stations, too formal, and no feedback mechanism.Therefore, in the community endowment service become at present our country to solve the population ageing effective ways, it also presents a number of problems, affecting the rapid development of community endowment service. We only have a clear understanding in the needs of the elderly and community supply situation and the influence factors of supply-demand, to provide for the aged community endowment service, needed to make them in their familiar environment be raised, and a brief old-age's providing. From the existing research, most scholars will demand or supply only unilateral study, a major general both combined analysis. Follow questions, this paper, the investigation and study, the empirical analysis, found the problem, the research train of thought, to solve the problem in the community endowment service based on the analysis of the related theory, under the background of population aging, to be known as "China habitat paradigm" Baibuting community as a case, 200 elderly people in the community to carry out the questionnaire survey, using alternating interconnected tables analyze the requirements of economic security of the elderly care, health care demand, life needs and spiritual and cultural needs, find best step pavilion community elderly demand factors, combined with the community of the existing supply status quo, analysis of community endowment service problems, and gives the corresponding countermeasures and Suggestions. The main contents are as follows:The first part mainly on urban community endowment service concept and the connotation and the analysis of the theory. Demand for community, community endowment and community endowment requirement and community endowment service four defining the concept; Elderly risk theory,Introduces the aging theory, social embedding theory, Maslow's hierarchy of needs and the welfare pluralism theory, and analysis with the community endowment services.The second part mainly explains the design principle and contents of the questionnaire and sample selection, collection and processing. Questionnaire design principles includes six parts: general, rationality, logic, clarity, the gateway, and easy analysis. Content of the questionnaire has three parts, including basic situation investigation in the elderly, the elderly living conditions, the elderly pension demand survey. In the sample selection and collection, the first analysis of population structure in Wuhan city, it is concluded that the three characteristics of population structure in Wuhan city; Secondly analyzes the basic situation in Wuhan this pavilion district, and briefly summarizes the basic supply in Wuhan City Community Support Service; Again, this paper introduces the basic situation, the selection of samples and ten basic information of the elderly, namely, gender, age, the past is engaged in the occupation, health, marital status, number of children, culture degree, living conditions, monthly income, spending, has carried on the brief text chart analysis. Finally, the value assigned to input data in SPSS software to do a brief introduction.The third part, combined with the survey data first, respectively from the angle of four Baibuting community elderly group has carried on the demand analysis, including economic needs, health care demand, life care needs support and spiritual and cultural needs support four aspects. Secondly, this paper analyzes Baibuting community endowment service supply situation. Finally, combining the needs of elderly and community endowment service supply, it analysis the Baibuting community endowment service problemsThe fourth part mainly based on the Baibuting's problems existing in the community, community endowment service relevant policies and suggestions are put forward for the future.This article innovation lies in starting from the differences between the needs of old people, on the basis of the careful analysis of the data, points out that the Baibuting community old-age demand, combined with interviews have a thorough understanding of community endowment service supply situation, then concluded that the combination of both service problem, and finally provides policy advice to the development of community endowment service. |
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