Taiwan Authorities' Response To U.S.Taiwan Independence Advocator's "Human Rights Offensive" In U.S.Congress

U.S.President Carter's foreign policy is quite idealistic,of which the most important is the defence of the basic principles of human rights.Encouraged by this diplomatic trend,Taiwan Independence advocator in U.S.actively waved the human rights stick.They made use of some U.S.Congressmen's dissatisfaction with the human rights conditions in Taiwan to set off the "human rights offensive" which aimed at hitting the Taiwan Kuomingtang authorities from the level of U.S.arms sales to Taiwan,attempting to seek international support for its concept of Taiwan Independence.This article put the Kuomingtang authorites' response to Taiwan Independence advocator's"human rights offensive" in U.S.Congress under it's overall framework of impeding the normalization of Sino-U.S.relations in 1970s,studing how the Kuomingtang authorities' thinking toward U.S.gradually went to alienation and extramalization who had enemies in front and rear.Through the analysis of the interaction between the three parties,we will not only show the multiple aspects of the so-called U.S.-Taiwan"alliance relationship",but also provide us with historical experience to understand and criticize the Taiwan Independence advocator's bad nature of "Pinches the foreign dead weight".Based on the researching main problems above,this article is divided into five parts according to the sequence:the first chapter is about the fermentation of "the case of Wang Xingnan parcel bomb" under the Taiwan Independence advocator's manipulation,and initially the Kuomingtang authorities' underestimate to the Taiwan Independence advocator's "human rights offensive" which caused by KMT's erroneous judgement about the nature of "human rights offensive"—"the CPC's International United Front";the second chapter is about the U.S.Congress's positive response to Taiwan Independence advocator's "human rights offensive",focuses on the downgrade of U.S.-Taiwan military relations and the game playing between the four parties before and after the 1977 Taiwan human rights hearing;the third chapter is about the Kuomintang authorities' various counter measures taken to contain the Taiwan Independence advocator's "human rights offensive" continue spreading after the 1977 Taiwan human rights hearing,also involves the back and forward of the Kuomintang authorities' determination to implement the process of political liberalization;the fourth chapter is about the formulation process of the human rights provisions in Taiwan Relations Act under the Taiwan Independence advocator's lobbying,and the Kuomingtang authorities' temporary dormancy and tolerance before the counter attack.The fifth chapter is about the improvement of the Kuomingtang authorities' counter measures under the new situations,and the concrete applications and effects of the new counter measures in the 1979 Kaohsiung Beautiful Island Incident.This article concludes that:Firstly,from the point view of the maintenance of U.S.-Taiwan "alliance relationship",although the Kuomingtang authorities in Taiwan were unable to exert any influence on the negotiation process to establish diplomatic relations between Mainland China and U.S.,but through the operation of human rights,the Kuomingtang authorities succeedly prevented U.S.-Taiwan relations from toward the natural decay and fall into the trough in the lack of institutional guarantee after breaking off the diplomatic relationship with U.S.,which played a certain role in underpinning KMT's continuous worsening and isolated international situation;Secondly,the distortion and exaggeration of the original intention and purpose of Carter's human rights diplomacy shown in the process of Kuomintang authorities's response to "human rights offensive" revealed KMT's deep distrust in the U.S..With the continue increasing of the Taiwan Independence advocator's "human rights offensive" which aim was to differentiation the mutual trust between the U.S.and Taiwan,the keep pushing of the process of normalization between the Mainland China and U.S.,the failure of Taiwan's high-level contact mechanism,and the sudden breaking off diplomatic relations between the U.S.and Taiwan,this distrust gradually reached its peak in late 1970s;Thirdly,the policy orientation of "fight without splitting" of the Koumingtang authorities to U.S.highlighted the characteristic of further reinforcement of the weak powers to strong power's attachment in the transition from U.S.-Taiwan"alliance relationship" to "quasi alliance relationship";Lastly,Jiang jingguo's cognitive bias over the U.S.human rights policy also shows that the Taiwan Independence advocator's "Pinches the foreign dead weight" is one of the most important external causes in impeding the process of democratization in Taiwan in 1970s,or at least affecting the pace of implementation of this process.