China's traditional political culture gave birth to a wealth of ethical thinking in the five thousand years of history.As the primary political ethics of Confucianism,loyalty thought has been universally recognized and honored in traditional Chinese society and has become an important political criterion between monarchies.Loyalty has its own development and evolution process.In the Song Dynasty,after the new Confucianism's further elaborate,loyalty has a new era of characteristics.Promote loyalty to the height of philosophy,improving the loyalty's status;clarifying the connotation of loyalty from the aspect of human's spiritual cultivation and clearing the way of sanctification;promoting the loyalty thought in the direction of secularization development through the spread of breadth and depth.However,the theoretical connotation of loyalty is not generated out of thin air.The development of loyalty should be rooted in the unique political culture of the Song Dynasty.The development of loyalty thought in the two Song Dynasty was inseparable from its unique political and historical conditions.In the Song Dynasty,the implementation of the policy of i" advocate literati and suppress samurai T" was favorable to the rise of political culture;The imperial examination system reform and the rise of the academy further promoted the political culture to secularization;The oppression of the foreign nationals has further stimulated the patriotic feelings of the literati.Therefore,the path of studying the evolution of loyalty thought must be deeply rooted in the political and historical background of the Song dynasty.This paper analyzes the emergence and evolution of loyalty thought in the Song Dynasty from the perspective of political science.By means of the combination of case and comparative study,through the analysis of the connotation of loyalty thought and the political proposition of the major academic thinkers,Cheng Hao,Cheng Yi,Zhu Xi and Chen Chun in the Song dynasty,fully explores the theoretical meaning of loyalty thought.On the one hand,grasping the characteristics of loyalty thought in the specific political background.On the other hand,grasping the evolution of loyalty of Neo-Confucianism in the Song dynasty through the inheritance and development of the three masters.The article attaches great importance to the interpretation of the political thought to loyalty,interpreting the meaning of loyalty during the Song Dynasty in two aspects politically loyal and cultivated loyalty.Analyzing the connotation and characteristics of loyalty from two levels:the metaphysical ontology and the loyal political practice.We found that from Cheng Hao,Cheng Yi to Chen Chun,loyalty ontology has experienced the " rational establishment of the body "," loyalty of the perfect","loyalty of nature" during the evolution and development.At the same time,the connotation of loyalty has obvious secular trend.Loyalty gradually evolved from the traditional political standards of the ancient society to the social norms that the members of society generally followed.In addition,they focus on the interpretation of human nature from the connotation of " loyalty",loyal and trustworthy,loyal and considerate,and other personal moral self-cultivation in the three inheritance has also been further developed.After the argument of Confucianism,the thought of loyalty had an important influence on the politics of the two dynasties and the development of Chinese traditional culture.First of all,loyalty is reasonable through the rationalization of system logic,and it becomes the political moral standard that the social members should follow,which has made important contributions to the stabilization of the political order of the country.Secondly,the emphasis on individual self-cultivation makes loyalty from inward external ethics become individual moral needs,under the influence of loyalty,the scholar courage to participate in political practice,and cultivate a large number of loyal men for the country.Finally,the political ideal of taking the world as his own responsibility " formed the great national spirit of the Chinese nation. |