Study On Residence Permit System Of Wuhan Under The Goal Of Equalization Of Basic Public Service

With the intensification of social transformation and the advancement of new urbanization, China's population flow is irresistible,flowing from rural to urban areas,flowing from economically underdeveloped areas to economically developed areas,flowing from the central and western regions to the eastern coastal areas. The survey of the sixth census shows that by 2014, the total number of floating population in our country has reached 253 million,in other words,about one of every six Chinese is a floating population. Such a large floating population, but faced with the problem of lack of public services for a long time. In the long distance, they are not easy to go home to enjoy the proper public services,but also can not enjoy the city's public services. With the increasing awareness of the rights of the floating population, they are more sensitive to their rights and interests and maintenance, when their pay and get long-term lack of balance,the strong gap will make the social balance in an imbalance state,thus threatening social harmony and stability. In order to change this embarrassing situation,the state began to implement the residence permit system nationwide,in order to promote urban basic public services and facilities to coverage all the resident population, to protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens and promote social fairness and justice. The system of residence permit system breaks through the restraint of the household registration system for the first time, stripping the welfare benefits attached to the household registration system, and the maximum release of the system effectiveness is of great significance to the equalization of the basic public services of the floating population.In this paper, the problem of the equalization of the basic public services of the floating population in the city is the breakthrough point, the latest floating population service and management system, namely the residence permit system as the system background, the new public service theory and the new system theory as the theoretical basis. Therefore,this part from the perspective of improving the system itself to explore the solution to the problem, from the system design, system implementation and system supervision and feedback to analyze the three links to improve its strategy, so that the system of residence permit effect can be the maximum release.The full text consists of six parts.The first part is the preface of this article. This part mainly introduces the background and significance of this paper. Then it reviews and summarizes the relevant research at home and abroad, then defines and introduces the core concepts and theoretical basis of this paper. Finally, it introduces the research ideas and research methods of this paper, and points out the possible innovations and shortcomings of this paper.The second part focuses on the historical evolution of the residence permit.According to the theory of institutional change and the theory of institutional equilibrium,the historical evolution of the management and service of the floating population since New China is divided into three stages: The process of evolution of the management and service of the floating population since New China is divided into three stages: the free migration - the relatively balanced stage of the floating population enjoy the public services ; the temporary residence permit system - the unbalanced expansion of the public service of the floating population; Residence permit system - floating population to enjoy the gradual balance of public services stage. From the process of institutional change, we can see that the difference between residence permit and traditional floating population management and service policy lies in its function of providing public services for the floating population,no longer just "attention to management",more is to provide public services to urban floating population, highlighting its institutional advantages.The third part focuses on the implementation of the residence permit system in Wuhan and its effectiveness. Firstly,it analyzes the basic situation of the floating population in Wuhan. Secondly, it analyzes and summarizes the policies and measures of the residence permit system in Wuhan. Then, according to the data analysis results of the sample survey, The migrant population who have the residence permit is compared with the migrant population who does not apply for a residence permit. According to the comparison of the data of "degree of enjoyment", "satisfaction degree" and "gap sense"of several basic public services, the system effect of Wuhan residence permit system is inferred from these three dimensions. Finally, according to the results of data analysis and comparison, it is concluded that the residence permit system of Wuhan has improved the enjoyment rate of basic public service of floating population and narrowed the gap between the floating population and the urban household population,improved the practicality of the service and enhanced the urban integration of the floating population in a certain degree.The fourth part carries on the third part of the data analysis results, which specifically analyzes and summarizes the problems of the residence permit system in Wuhan in realizing the goal of equalization of the basic public services of the floating population and the reasons for these problems. It is considered that the existing problems of the residence permit system are mainly reflected in the poor propaganda of the system,resulting in low cognition degree of the target group; the welfare treatment is difficult to implement, the evaluation of the satisfaction is low; the system implementation is biased,the service effect is difficult to manifest; the threshold is high, the procedure is cumbersome and the registration rate is low ; Service type is too small,the system is not attractive. And then analyze the underlying causes of these problems mainly lies in the local government's service concept is not strong; the investment in social public services and protection funds is not enough; the lack of specific implementation standards and requirements; the lack of appropriate monitoring and feedback mechanisms; system design failed to reflect the people-oriented and other reasons.The fifth part is the analysis of the improvement strategy of the residence permit system under the goal of equalization of the basic public service of the floating population. According to the data measurement results of the third and fourth parts of the paper, and the various problems and their causes of the residence permit, which sum up in the fourth part, we can see that the problems in the implementation of the residence permit system are mixed, but all the problems are scattered in the system design, system implementation and system supervision and feedback of the residence permit system.Therefore, this part from the perspective of improving the system itself to explore the solution to the problem, from the system design, system implementation and system supervision and feedback to analyze the three links to improve its strategy,so the effectiveness of the residence permit system can be released to the maximum extent.The sixth part is the conclusion part, summarizes the whole paper, and puts forward the prospect of further deepening the research.