The Research On Urban Community Home-based Care For The Aged In China Under The Background Of Aging Population

With the rapid development of China's economy,the improvement of life and medical level,the rising life expectancy of people,and along with the implementation of the one-child policy and the emergence of a large number of one-child families,the pension issues of China's elderly population gradually come out,and need to get more attention from the society.According to the official definition of the world: in a country or region,the proportion of people aged 60 is equal to or greater than 10% of the total population,or the proportion of 65 years old and older is equal to or greater than 7% of that of total,then the country or region is retified as an aging society.The latest data released by National Bureau of Statistics show that by the end of 2015,the country's total population is 1.37462 billion,and the population of aged 60 and above is 0.22182 billion accounting for 16.15% of the total,at the same time,the 0.14386 billion aged 65 and above accounts for 10.47% of the total.Obviously,China has entered the aging society.Xi Jinping,General Secretary of China,has made important instruction on the aging problem of population,and stressed that effective response to the aging of population is a matter of national development of the country,is a matter of the well-being of hundreds of millions of chinese people.By focusing on the present while looking ahead in the future,we need to strengthen the top level design of population,tackle the issues in a scientific way,and promote the comprehensive,balanced and sustainable development of the aging cause.Community service for home care of the elderly is a new model of pension choice.The basic content is the elderly people in the community do not have to leave their original place of residence and environment,and based on the community,various integrated resources of community and social services are provided for them such as daily care,medical health,and spirit comfort which makes the elderly live in families with dignity.On one hand,the model of community service for home care of the elderly will make up for the inadequate pension capability of traditional family;onthe other hand,it will also reduce the burden of national finance and staff like that.Whether it is from the point of China's long cultural tradition,or from the adaption to the present status of pension to increase social benefits,the community service for home care of the old pattern in China will be an important choice of pension in urban areas in the present or in the future.This paper takes Y community,near Yantai as a case study which based on two considerations: one is the author lives in Y community for many years,hence,he is familiar with the basic situation of the Y community;besides,some relatives and friends are engaged in relevant works in Yantai,which facilitates a more in-depth understanding of the situation and helps to collect relevant data.The other is Yantai is relatively a developed city,so the case study is representative and fit for reference;meanwhile,as one of the oldest communities in Yantai,Y community is very typical.In recent years,the main ways of supporting the elderly in the Y community in Yantai is combining the home care with community care,which has made some achievements and also had some problems.Taking Y community near Yantai as a case point,based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory,new public service theory and the welfare pluralism theory,the paper conducts field investigations about the status of the aging of the population in the community and the community service for home care of the old,studies and analyzes the existing problems of Y community,and trys to put forward reasonable suggestions to further improve the mode of the city community services for home cere of the old in our country.