Research On The Development Of Urban Community Service Under The Background Of Different Types Of Community Governance

Throughout the world,the emergence and development of community services are always accompanied by the social transformation and the response to this transformation.From the assistance service of the early poor years to the welfare service for all the citizens in the modern sense,and to the perfect community service system in the western countries which was established by the continuous reform in the opportunity of the new public management movement that embed privatization,decentralization and socialized practice in community service.The Chinese community service took off under the background of economic transition and social transformation,the process of community service is accompanied by many practical challenges,such as the acceleration of the urbanization,the increase of social mobility,the aging population structure,and miniaturization of family structure.At present,the construction of community service system in China is being carried out in a deep-going way,and the pilot experiment on community service innovation is being carried out in many areas.The reform of community service,the mode of community service innovation and the development trend of community service have gradually become the hot spot of research.After three rounds of community reform,in addition to the great differences in economic and social development between each region,because of the vast territory of China,the progress of the community development and the method of governance are different,the community service in the context of different types of community governance presents different states.Based on this background,this paper used the data of "the dynamic monitoring platform of community governance and the network construction project of depth observation point in 2015" carried out by the policy research center of the Ministry of civil affairs by using the literature research,data survey and case study,and it also compared the different characteristic problems under the urban community services in the context of different types of community governance.This paper takes governance theory as the theoretical basis,takes the evolution process of community service policy and the development process of the change of community mode as the practical basis.From the two dimensions of the administrative power and social strength,the study frame of the community type is constructed,and the continuum from the administrative leading social area to the co-construction and sharing community is established.It also makes a comparative study of urban community services under different background of community governance.The conclusions are as follows:in the aspects of community service participation channels,such as consultative autonomy activities,the aspects of"one-stop" service facilities construction,information platform construction,grid management and other community service,and the aspects of community residents'satisfaction with community specific services,community identity and sense of belonging are all shown significant advantages.Therefore,co-construction and sharing is the direction of urban community service in China.According to the results of data analysis,three cases of Xuhui District in Shanghai,Heping District in Tianjin and Nanhai District in Foshan are selected to sort out the replicable and popularized experience in the construction of co-construction and sharing community service.Moreover the development path of community service to co-construction and sharing is summed up:With the goal of co-construction and sharing,the community service structure should be perfected to promote the community's transformation in the service subject and service process,and to form a shared community service system with "multiple subjects,multiple platforms and multiple services" as the basic framework to enhance the sense of identity and the sense of belonging of the community residents.And then it puts forward the policy suggestions to build the community service,including ramming and sharing the foundation,promoting the flat,full time and characteristic management of community service,enriching the shared content,promoting the equal,convenient and normal supply of community service,optimizing the means of sharing and strengthening the community suit.We need to build professionalization,informatization and standardization,ensure the quality of co-construction and sharing,and evaluate the level of satisfaction,belonging and identification of community services.