Engels' Criticism Of Dühring's 'eternal Theory' And Its Contemporary Enlightenment

The ‘eternal theory' is a plausible viewpoint in daily life.Believing permanent,universal and eternal and refusing to change,difference and dialectics which reflects a kind of thinking that pursuits a thought system be efficacious forever essentially.It is not only a world view that people do not know,but also a methodology.It is both a standpoint and a moral outlook on values in life.At present,there are various kinds of ‘eternal theories' and ‘universal theories' in the society.Some people even consider that Marx and Engels are also the practitioners of the ‘eternal theory'.Is it indeed so? What is the specific meaning of ‘eternal Theory' and ‘universal Theory'? What is the position of Marx and Engels on this issue to the end? How to dialectically look upon the eternal topic of the present?This paper sets about Engels' s Anti Dühring,thinks that the ‘eternal theory' of Dühring refers to the metaphysical,unilateral theories that also split up realistic contradictions in his thought,which is mainly embodied in his truth view,ethics,fairness,social and historical views.Engels' Anti Dühring reveals the critical position of Marx and Engels and the spiritual essence of materialist dialectics and historical materialism.The content of ‘eternal theory' in the present society is very broad and can not be simply generalized.‘Universal value' theory is only a concentrated expression of ‘eternal theory'in the field of values.On the one hand,the theory of ‘universal value' exaggerates the universality of value metaphysically,fails to deal with the dialectical relation between ideal and reality,should be and real be,relative and absolute;on the other hand,it acts as a powerful means of discourse power competition in politics.The innovation of this proposition and the thesis is that the past research visual angle was mostly confined to the criticism of Engels in a theoretical plate of Dühring's ‘ eternal theory'.The thesis intends to sort out these theoretical categories and then combine them systematically.The purpose of this paper is to reveal the thinking clue of Engels ' critical thinking on Dühring ' s ‘eternal theory': the supreme truth is interpreted as the basis of epistemology--relying on the eternal social moral value--the ultimate common social concept is the definitive goal of the ‘eternal theory'.Furthermore,with the research path of‘interacting between text and text,literature working in concert with reality",this paper faces the theoretical source and critical source directly in order to return to reality better.In reality,the ‘universal value' not only reflects the content which does require expurgation in the field of value theory,but also makes known the problems that needed to be discerned urgently in ideology.In addition,it implies the great social and historical development's end result of the whole human society.Therefore,the study will discuss Dühring's ‘eternal theory' and Engels' criticism in Anti Dühring,then pays attention to the possible connection of the current research about ‘universal value' with it.To analyze the ‘eternal theory' of the present society realistically,the ‘eternal theory'of Dühring,which was criticized by Engels one and a half century ago,is worthy of people's regression,reflection,reference and development.