Research On High School Students' Alternative Framework About "Mechanical Vibrations,Mechanical Wave"

No matter before the scientific study,or after the scientific study,there are many students deviate from the scientific phenomenon,essence and scientific concept of understanding and understanding,we are collectively referred to as different ideas.The concept of diversity is one of the hot topics in international and domestic education research.It has a great influence on teaching.The two chapters of "mechanical vibration and mechanical wave" contain many complex concepts,which are important contents of senior high school physics.Before that,they were blank in the study of different conceptions in China because of the setting of the entrance examination.Based on constructivism learning theory and Austria SUPOR,developed two stage diagnostic test,diagnose the students' alternative framework which exists in mechanical vibration,mechanical wave "of the two chapter after learning,analyzes the reasons of the formation of different ideas,and proposed the transformation of these alternative conceptions of teaching strategies and the specific teaching design,finally chose two classes as the experimental class and the control class were studied in teaching practice.The survey results show that the main students' alternative framework which exists in mechanical vibration,mechanical wave "of the two chapter after learning:(1)the distance between people and people to accept the source frequency is low;(2)stop vibration source,vibration medium will continue;(3)the restoring force of the pendulum is the ball pendulum force;(4)the larger the amplitude,the period of a pendulum is larger;(5)amplitude equal to 1/4 cycles' size;(6)the restoring force in the formula k is the spring stiffness coefficient;(7)after the superposition of two waves,as long as there is obvious interference to strengthen or weaken the vibration;(8)the propagation direction and wave force direction;(9)for the forced vibration of objects,vibration frequency is equal to the natural frequency;(10)the equilibrium position of the spring vibrator in the spring of the original.Combined with the specific content of alternative conceptions of students and interviews and educational psychology theory,the author has deep reasons of these alternative conceptions of students are analyzed,the reasons for the following six aspects:(1)First impressions are strongest life experience;(2)profound theoretical connotation of solution concepts;(3)negative transfer knowledge;(4)Overgeneralization thinking;(5)linear logic model for Jane;(6)the function of fixing the inertia of thinking.This paper explored alternative conception based on the combination of constructivism and Ausubels' learning theory,the author puts forward six strategies of the transformation of these alternative conceptions:(1)to fully understand the students'alternative framework;(2)through the analysis of the clear concept;(3)improve the intuitive concept of learning;(4)special presentation text;(5)cognitive conflict to construct a scientific concept;(6)through the inquiry experiment to deepen understanding.On the basis of these teaching strategies,the author designs four different classes for the new teaching,revision,exercises and experimental courses,and on this basis,carries out the teaching practice.Practice shows that the experimental class and the control class have different teaching strategies after the implementation of different teaching results.The students in the experimental class improved their understanding of the concept in a short period of time,but the improvement of problem-solving ability was not obvious.