Precision Analysis And Improvement Scheme Of Desktop Level Three-dimensional Printer

Three-dimensional printing technology has a rapid development in recent years.It not only meets the industrial needs in the pursuit of higher precision to meet the need of industry,but also advances toward personalization and miniaturization at the same time.However,the popularity of desktop level machines means the reduction of machine cost,which also means the drop of molding quality and process complexity.Especially we found that the components printed by these desktop level machines have larger size error and surface roughness.In this case,how to improve the forming precision is an important direction of current research on three-dimensional printing.This paper uses Prusa i3 type open-source 3D printer as test platform.Through assembling,debugging the printer,we adopt the method of experiment to analyze the factors that influence the printing precision.We get a series of methods of reducing components’surface roughness and improving forming shape precision by discussing the cause of factors influencing the printing accuracy with both theory study and experiments.And on the basis of ordinary printer of three-axis motion we increases the fourth rotation axis to improve the path planning problem during the printer molding,which further expands the application fields of three-dimensional printing.The theoretical research content of this paper mainly consists of three parts.The first part makes a horizontal contrast of some rapid prototyping technologies over their advantages and disadvantages.Finally this part concludes that fused deposition molding technology(FDM)is the most widely used rapid prototyping process of desktop level at home and abroad.This part of paper next discusses the current popular desktop 3D printer model structures and analyses the advantages and disadvantages of different structures.After seeking the best choice of the structure with optimal ratio,we determine to select Prusa i3 type FDM 3D printer with the triangle structure as the experimental platform.The second part of this paper analyses three-dimensional printing’s preprocessing error,forming processing error and after-processing error.We mainly study the precision influence factors brought by mechanical structure of the printer itself in the process of forming.We put forward improvement plan after analysis and calculation focused on the key components of 3D printer such as extruder,transmission system and hot bed.At last we make unified experiment contrast for the improvement scheme,analyze the experiment data,and demonstrate the correctness and feasibility of it.The third part of this paper optimizes the mechanical structure of Prusa i3 type 3D printers,and puts forward a kind of four axis rotation motion platform concept similar to numerical control machining center.On the basis of the existing 3D printer products,we analyze the necessity and feasibility of the fourth axis movement.Then we make a series of mechanical structure analysis and design,using SolidWorks software to carry on some simulation.Finally we put forward a simple control system scheme.Once we realize four axis even multi-axis motion to 3D print,it will not only better the path optimization problem in forming process,but also improve the molding components’ precision to achieve high precision and fast 3D printing.