Problems And Development Measures Of Cotton Production In Anhui Province

As an important economic crop in China, cotton has been the main income of farmers. Being the world’s largest exporter of textile products and the largest cotton consumption country, China is facing trouble in its cotton production during recent years. Lots of main production areas are gradually changing the traditional planting habits, and the areas declines year by year. Which also occurred in Anhui Province. The cotton area decreased by 1/3 in recent 10 years. For example, the planting area decreased by about 2/3 in north of Huaihe River, which has occupied half of the cotton planting area in Anhui.Meanwhile, the cotton self-sufficiency rate of our county is only about 60%,40% of the gap between supply and demand is unable to stimulate the enthusiasm of famers’cotton planting.There’er four main reasons of this situation:The first is that most farmers only pursuit the high yield while ignore the peasant production quality;The second is that the national policy inclined too much on food to ensure the grain production, which caused the outstanding contradiction between grain and cotton increasingly.The third is that non-agricultural employment income is much higher than that of agricultural production. Lots of rural labors are migrating to the city, which caused the shortage of rural labor. The present rural labor situation is difficult to engage in cotton production.The last one is that the means of production and the price of labor are rising year by year, while the price of cotton is unsettled, and the national policy subsidies less, which means the income is low for the farmers who plant cotton.Anhui agriculture Committee focused on the high yielding of cotton, coordinated the multilateral cooperation, and based on simple transplanting technology of cotton, cotton light controlled release fertilizer technology, novel cotton growth regulator "miantaijin"application technology and so on to looking for a set of simple and high quality cotton planting model to face the new situation. Through 7 years of efforts, they has made some breakthroughs, and got significant achievements, which has formed a number of cultivation technical specification, and applied all over the province.The cotton industry must take mechanization to develop, so the next work is to study suitable cultivation pattern for mechanized harvest as the main direction, and continue to carry out the cultivation techniques of light and simple. The project to create high yield cotton must be persisted in, because it has accumulated a good mass base.We can make a breakthrough by this and enhance the demonstration effect.