Research On The Preservation Of Noise In Suppression Noise

With the development of seismic exploration, seismic data processing puts forward higher requirements of amplitude preservation. Due to the conventional method, the reflection amplitude of seismic wave can be changed more or less, which does not conform to the later requirements of amplitude preservation. Therefore, it is significant to analyze the amplitude preserving property of the method, and then put forward the effective measures, which is of great significance to the migration, inversion and interpretation of seismic data.On the basis of previous research, the paper analyzes the principle of the common methods of noise reduction and the evaluation method of the amplitude preservation. In this paper, the method of F-K denoising is studied in detail. After analyzing many kinds of evaluation methods, the method of AVO curve analysis and the residual method before and after denoising are chosen to evaluate the amplitude preservation of F-K domain denoising method. A lot of experiments and analysis are carried out on the forward modeling data of each model and then the results are evaluated and analyzed by AVO curve analysis and residual method. After analyzing many cases, it is concluded that the F-K domain noising method has some problems, including denoising is difficult, effective wave and interference wave mixing, it is difficult to set the filter by the naked eye to the separation between the two.According to the analysis of the test results and propose a step-by-step method, depth and offset method to suppress the noises. Step by step method solves the difficulty of the overall noise in the problem, according to the characteristics of the data, using the method of step by step. The depth section and offset division method is a good solution to the frequency spectrum of effective wave and interference wave mixed problems, and taking into account the depth and offset impact on the effective wave and interference wave velocity. The data can be divided into regions by the combination of the depth and the offset distance,in this way, it is easier to distinguish the effective wave and interference wave in frequency spectrum, and then set up a reasonable filter to get the ideal result. Finally, the actual data is added to verify the analysis and comparison, the results are consistent, that is, using the improved F-K denoising method, the filtering effect is improved obviously.Through the research and analysis results in this paper, it can be a reference to the conventional noise suppression methods, and theimprovements of F-K domain noise suppression methods is helpful to the amplitude preservation processing of seismic data.