Hydrogeochemical Geochemistry Of Karst Water In Jinan Spring Area And Its Environmental Significance

The decreased water flow and deterioration of water quality in spring basin of Jinan have affected natural ecology and economic development of “Spring City”.Targeting at spring basin in central Jinan City as the research area based on the collection of previous achievement data in spring basin of Jinan,and combining with hydrogeological information and groundwater monitoring research data in the past years by means of field investigation and observation,sampling and test,lab comparison and analysis,etc,the paper embarks on data related to water level and water quality of karst groundwater by mainly adopting hydrogeochemical methods to carry out multiple contrastive analysis for chemical component of groundwater,study groundwater formation and variation rule,and explore supply sources,influence factors,cutoff causes and pollution trends of groundwater.Achievements have been attained as follows:(1)Analyzed the hydrogeological conditions and dynamic characteristics for years of the karst water in Jinan and research fundamental reasons of the formation,resource transformation and the stop flow of spring of Jinan springs.It has close relationships among the underground water in spring regions,atmospheric precipitation and surface water which mutually transform from each other.The main reasons of the stop-flow of spring are excessive exploitation of manual works,the reduction of alimentation areas caused by urban extension and the damages of alimentation percolation zone.(2)The evaluation results of karst underground water quality: It is seriously polluted by general chemical composition and the 3-nitrogen;the inorganic toxicity index has fewer impacts on karst water quality while the Fe in the other metal elements index has great impact on it.The underground water quality is both concerned with the nature karst composition and hydrogeological conditions and the human activities as well.The human activities(industry,living and agriculture)has played significant role in the deterioration of the underground water.(3)Perform the comparative analysis adopting four kinds of index,NO3-Cl,Br/Cl-Cl,SO4-Cl and H2 Si O3-Cl.The karst underground water of spring regions in Jinan is replenished from the southern mountain region.But there are differences between the environment of alimentation areas and alimentation paths,and the spring water is polluted by it as well.The quantity of artificial pollutants in the spring water has gradually increased.(4)In terms of the comparative analysis of 12 samples of oxygen and hydrogen isotope,it is found that it is similar to the D-Region of the meteoric water line.It presents that the eigenvalues of atmospheric precipitation isotope in the southern mountain region and reflects that the karst underground water derives from the southern mountain region.And it is believed from the sulphur isotope research that,the growth of coal consumption indicates the development of local industries and aggravates the pollution of karst underground water indirectly as well.Through a comprehensive study on hydrogeology,geochemistry,environmental isotopes,dynamic comparison and other methods,the paper proposes “spring protection”measures or techniques to realize the protection and rehabilitating Jinan features of“Spring City”,and intends to provide a scientific reference for pollution control,resource conservation,rational exploitation,as well as sustainable utilization of Jinan groundwater.