Numerical Simulation Of Material Ablation Based On Engineering Algorithm

When the aircraft re-entry into the atmosphere in hypersonic speed,the surface temperature is very high,the aircraft subject to severe aerodynamic heating and mechanical erosion,if we don't strictly design the vehicle's thermal protection layer,it will lead to serious aerodynamic heating and make the temperature of surface too high,so it can cause the internal temperature too high and cause the instrument does not work normally.Therefore,it has great significance to understand the characteristics of the ablative material for the design of the thermal protection system of the vehicle,it can prevent the decrease of the reliability of the aircraft due to the lack of design and solve the problem of over-design and reduce the load of the aircraft.Moreover over-design will increase cost of vehicle.In this paper,characteristics of ablative material are analyzed,mechanism of ablative materials is analyzed,and coupling model of multi-physical field is established.Ablation of graphite and charring carbon material are carried out by using famous ablation simulation software Amaryllis,the influence of different material's properties on ablation characteristics was analyzed,which can be used as reference for the thermal protection design of the hypersonic vehicle.Not only that,the engineering algorithm effectively reduces the design cycle,so it can deal with increasingly commercial aerospace industry.The main contents of this paper include:The development and research of various ablative materials at home and abroad are summarized,and their advantages and disadvantages are put forward.The exothermic mechanism of ablative materials and their ablation physical models were analyzed.In this paper,the mass conservation equation and energy conservation equation of the control body during the ablation process are deduced by simple and accurate engineering calculation method.The different calculation of the ablative material in chemical ablation,mechanical ablation and phase ablation are analyzed.A simplified physical model of the Thermal Protection System was established,and the ablative material was simulated by using SAMCEF Amaryllis,it's an authoritative software in ablation field.The transient temperature field,the displacement field of ablation and the density of the ablative material were obtained.The effects of different environmental factors on the ablation characteristics were evaluated by changing the ablative materials(such as charring carbon materials and graphite)and comparing the results.The ablation characteristics of the ablative materials under ablation conditions is analyzed and this take account of chemical ablation and mechanical ablation.In this paper,the ablation analysis and shape design of Thermal Protection System materials have great significance in the commercialization of aerospace and hypersonic weapons.