Review Freudian Theory From The Perspective Of "symptom Reading.

Freud believes that any representations always have a deeper meaning,one of the key goals of psychoanalysis is to search for the unconscious lurk in the surface of the contents.Therefore,Psychoanalysis is firstly a reading practice.Psychoanalytic concepts of the unconscious, repression, conflict he proposed to open a new way to read neurosis, daily life, literature, art and religion.French philosopher Louis Althusser referenced of psychoanalytic terms to state the concept of "Symptomatic Reading" when rereading Marx's works.Although Freud was not clearly stated in the concept of "Symptomatic Reading", but Freud always practice this approach that throught the "Symptoms"to obtain deeper meaning.Therefore,from the vision of'Symptomatic Reading" to review Freud's theory has become a new research angle.The first chapter discusses Freud's "Symptomatic Reading" theory.The "mental machine" which he constructed broke the illusion of the center of consciousness which hold by bourgeois ideology and philosophy,and consciousness becomes derivation effect of unconscious.The unconscious is not only the origins of symptoms, but also the range of "Symptomatic Reading".Repression is the precondition of symptoms, and all symptoms can be described as "repressed things return".The sexual intent is always repressed, patients will seek compensation through physical symptoms when their demand is strong but unable to satisfied."Symptomatic Reading" practice translated the symptoms into the conflicts between the repressed impulses in unconscious and the ego, so that the repressed impulses can turn into the consciousness, and thus relieved the symptoms.Freud thoughts that culture can become an advanced social symptoms to instead of the neurosis symptoms which repressed by the moral civilization,thus literary activity has become a treatment practice.The second and third chapters discusse the "Symptomatic Reading" clinical practice in the fields of clinical treatment,daily life,cultural studies,literary and arts.Freud association between the object and the unconscious to read the patient's symptoms, dreams, parapraxes and to read unconscious among religious.These practices of "Symptomatic Reading" not only broadens the scope of psychoanalytic research, but also enrich their sources of information, it confirmed the broad scope of the unconscious activities.Faced with the aesthetic objects of literature and art, Freud's concern focused on the internal works. The "Symptomatic Reading" of literature and art analyse the five aspects of creating motives of the artist, the details of work, metaphorical words, characters and acceptance psychology of the readers,describes the relationship between the subject and symptoms, depression,and concern the role of aesthetic object to sublimate desire and purify repression.The fourth chapter discusses the critique and rediscovery from Marxist to Freud.The Marxist scholars of Bakhtin, Clement, Brunet and Seve believe that psychoanalysis has a strong idealism color,completely ignoring the symptoms of social and historical factors behind the symptoms,and exaggerated the biological existence of human.But another Marxist scholar Althusser pointed the origins between psychoanalysis and Marxism,he discusses the similarities and differences between psychoanalysis and Marxism and expound the significance of psychoanalysis to Marxism.The conclusion discusses the struggle of psychoanalytic theory, it makes the "consciousness" decentralization and shakes the most sensitive parts of the system of bourgeois ideology. The method of "Symptomatic Reading" which trace the origin shift the psychoanalytic study from macroscopic to microcosmic, it is not only the ways and means that Freud ponder on various problems of symptoms, but also the honesty which human civilization needed.