The Impact Of Working Memory Types And Cognitive Styles On The Resolution Of Different Epiphany Problems

Innovation can inject vigor and motivation to the national development,and it is needed by economic development,scientific and technological progress and cultural prosperity.Insight is one of the main forms of creative thinking activity,and is a hot topic which domestic and foreign psychologists has focused on.To explore the influence factors of insight,so that we can cause the occurrence of insight from these factors,and cultivate creative thinking.This study contains two types of insight problem: matchstick insight problems and puzzles insight problems.First we carried on the preliminary experiment to filter the materials used to the formal experiment.Then we did three experiment to discuss the influence of verbal and spatial working memory on different insight problem solving,the influence of cognitive style on different insight problem solving,and the influence of the three factors on different insight problem solving.The participants of this study is 350 college students including 64 male and 286 female,they are all from a normal university.The study method is experimental method and scale method,including �Operations Span Task�,�Space Sequential Working Memory Capacity Task�,�Matchstick Insight Problems Solving Task�,�Puzzles Insight Problems Solving Task� and �Embedded Figure Test�(EFT).We compared the difference between high-low verbal working memory,high-low spatial working memory and field independence-field dependent cognitive style on the reaction time in two insight problem solving by Independent samples T-test,Pearson correlation analysis,analysis of variance.And we also used the regression analysis to obtain the predictive power of verbal working memory,spatial working memory and cognitive style of their reaction time in two insight problem solving.Conclusions was been listed as follow:(1)College students' reaction time in puzzle insight problem solving has significant gender difference,and the reaction time of male is faster significantly.And their verbal working memory,spatial working memory,cognitive style and the reaction time in matchstick insight problem solving have no significant gender difference.(2)Spatial working memory and cognitive style have significant main effect in reaction time in matchstick insight problem solving.People who have high spatialworking memory capacity or who are field independent are faster significantly.And the interaction is significant between spatial working memory and cognitive style.(3)Verbal working memory,spatial working memory and cognitive style have significant main effect in reaction time in puzzle insight problem solving.People who have high verbal working memory capacity or who have spatial working memory capacity or who are field independent are faster significantly.And the interaction is significant between verbal working memory and cognitive style,the interaction is also significant between spatial working memory and cognitive style.(4)Cognitive style and spatial working memory capacity combined the effect of of the reaction time in matchstick insight problem solving,they all can be significantly negatively predicted the reaction time.Cognitive style,spatial working memory capacity and verbal working memory capacity combined the effect of of the reaction time in puzzle insight problem solving,they all can be significantly negatively predicted the reaction time.