Infiltration Of Green Chemistry Concepts In The Teaching Of Organic Chemistry In Universities

In response to the need of sustainable development, green chemistry is a significant characteristic and cutting-edge direction of the modern chemical science. It gives rise to the research climate around the world and its education has become a general concern. It is a research subject in the undergraduate courses to study the manner of green chemistry education which shows that chemistry education is corresponding to the characteristics of the times. In this background, from the research perspective of organic chemistry discipline in the university, we studied and discussed the permeation of green chemistry education, designing and recommending a green comprehensive-research based organic chemical experiment according to the characteristic of the subject of organic chemistry and the requirement of green chemistry and green experiment. At last, we proposed the strategy of permeating green chemistry education in the organic chemistry teaching, which had certain theoretical and practical significance. We hope that our study will inspire new ideas and provide reference and suggestions for relevant study, experiment and teaching in other chemical subjects or fields such as inorganic chemistry and analytical chemistry.This study mainly adopted the methods of literature analysis research, questionnaire inquiry and experiment investigation etc. Firstly, the current state and development of green chemistry and its education were reflected through literature analysis research. Then the necessity of permeating green chemistry philosophy in the organic chemistry teaching was illustrated from the aspects of the demands of the times, sustainable development, the development of the chemistry subject, education for all-round development, and the curriculum reform. Next, the current situation of the green chemistry teaching of the organic chemistry in the university was understood through questionnaire inquiry and relevant problems are analyzed and summarized. Then, we designed a comprehensive-research based on organic chemical experiment, that is, the synthesizing of the 2-substituted benzim idazoles and benzothiazoles through light induction according to the relevant contents in the textbook of Organic Chemistry and the relevant requirement of green chemistry and green experiment. We conducted application practices of relevant experiment innovation and discussed at last the strategies of permeating green chemistry education in organic chemistry teaching, mainly comprising:(1) permeating green chemistry philosophy in the class lectures and chemical experiments; (2) improving the teaching contents and teaching methods combining theory and experiment; (3) deepening the green chemistry awareness using green chemistry exercises; (4) holding lectures of green chemistry knowledge and contests of green chemistry knowledge and innovative experiment; (5) implementation of the strategies of the coexistence of summative assessment and formative evaluation.When designing the experiment, we selected benzimidazole and benzothiazole as the synthesis targets, both of which had significant application values in the fields of medicines, pesticides and engineering materials etc. We finally designed a new method of synthesis through induction of the visible light guided by the green chemistry philosophy after studying mass data relating to the application and development of them in the past 3 to 5 years. Without heating, this method has a simple procedure, mild condition, novel manner and no special requirement of the device. The reaction can be induced to proceed through the irradiation of visible light at room temperature. The solution is ethyl alcohol, which is environmental friendly. Meanwhile, in the process of the reaction, the system has an obvious change of color and the students can feel the proceeding the reaction according to the change of the color of the reaction system round-bottom flask and their interests of experiment and studying will thereby enhance. Since the experiment is entirely corresponding to the green chemistry philosophy advocated currently, the students will have deeper study and understanding of green chemistry in the process of personal operation. It will help the students to build up correct scientific attitude and understand the philosophy and meaning of green chemistry(1) On the basis of previous studies,3,6-disubstituted-1,2,4,5-tetrazines, have been successfully prepared by S-induced one-pot method from aromatic nitriles and hydrazine hydrate under thermal conditions. Meanwhile, We applied molecular ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectrometry and cyclic voltammetry to study the spectral properties and electrochemical properties of these compounds. And theoretical calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) were performed to investigate the geometries, fukui function, the frontier orbital.(2) Through the research on triazine compounds spectral properties and electrochemical properties, we found in the visible region (>420nm), it shows strong absorption, and absorption of the compound of the substituents attached to the benzene ring tetrazine influential. The electrochemical behaviors of these compounds was shown to be completely reversible, indicating that they have a great potential in optoelectronic applications.(3) Finally, We used tetrazine as catalyst, made use of its optical properties and electrochemical properties of light-induced, successfully synthesized a series of 2-substituted benzimidazole and 2-substituted benzothiazole, and made the corresponding structural characterization.This paper first stage on sulfur induced catalytic synthesis research has been published (Novel 3,6-unsymmetrically disubstituted-1,2,4,5-tetrazines:S-induced one-pot synthesis, properties and theoretical study, RSC Advances,2015,5,12277), Subsequent research work has been planed to organize intended to vote.