Evaluation Of The Extension Model Of Swine Science And Technology To Farm Household In Shanghai

The development of pig industry in China is experiencing a transformation:transforming from the quantitative development stage to the quality and ecological environment beneficial development stage.In order to make improvement of pigs production during the transitional period,this thesis will evaluate the model of the extension of swine science and technology to farm household in Shanghai,and the extension goal,content,method.The benefits were analyzed on concerning the pig production,economic,social and ecological achievement.The extension model of swine science and technology to farm household engineering in shanghai.The project of swine science and technology to farm household was organized by the animal husbandry office,Shanghai municipal agricultural commission,it organized an expert committee.The experts were selected from agricultural university and institute of animal husbandry and veterinary.The expert committee responses for evaluating the content and the goal of the project,and also evaluated the achievement.The extension specialists(instructors)were selected from the Shanghai city and each district and county center of Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center,the Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences.The instructors introduced the swine science and technology to farmers through classroom training,field training,farm lecture,individual training,typical of a demonstration,the circuit interaction,and other forms of training activities.Helped with these training,some of the farm developed as the demonstration farms for swine science and technology.Then,other farmers learned from the demonstration farms.Therefore,the level of pig production all over the Shanghai will be improved.The extension content included(1)introduce exotic breeds,such as Large white,Landrace,Duroc,and two way or three way hybrid with local breed,such as Pudong White pig,Fenjing pig,Sawutou pigs and Shanghai White pig.(2)the technology of pig slurry reduction and ecological utilization,(3)breeding technology such as artificial insemination,(4)ideal feeding technology.The achievement of the extension model of swine science and technology to farm household.1)The extension coverage of swine science and technology to farm household.The extension coverage of pig breeding technology was promoted from 70.63%in 2009 to 73.46%in 2013(coverage increased by 4%).The peak level was achieved in 2013,99280 sows adopted the breeding technology,however there were 135153 sows in Shanghai,the coverage rate of 73.46%.The coverage of Pig farm household was increased from 8.8%in 2009 to 14.81%in 2013(coverage increased by 68.29%),the peak coverage rate was found in 2011,there were 4469 pig farms in Shanghai,the project introduced the swine science and technology to 1515 households,the coverage rate accounted for 15.98%.2)Pig production and economic benefit.After the extension of swine science and technology to farm household,the production level was increased,the number of finishing pig yield from each sow was rose from 17.69 in 2009 to 18.31 in 2013(increased 3.5%);The average daily gain from 262.6 in 2009 g to 583 g in 2013(increased by 122.1%),the peak was found in 2012,average daily gain was 589 g;The ratio of feed intake to body weight gain was decreased from 3.21 in 2009 to 3.17 in 2013(means feed conversion rate increased by 1.25%).Shanghai's pig household project of science and technology won economic benefits from 13.8857 million yuan in 2009,and 17.7061 million yuan in 2013(increased 27.51%).3)Social and environmental benefit.Supported with this project,a team of professional extension worker on swine science and technology was grow up,including 4 Senior instructors and 77 district instructors.Through the implementation of the extension of swine of science and technology to farm household,effectively promoted the development of the scale and the standardization of pig industry,in total 300 pig farms were updated to standard scale pig farms.By demonstration the winter heat preservation facilities and management,effectively solved the problem of pig house heating in winter,significantly reduced the incidence of piglet disease,improved the biological safety of pork products;Through the promotion of ecological processing and utilization of pigs slurry,the environment for agricultural production conditions was improved,the cost of grain planting was decreased by organic fertilizer usage,the quality of agricultural products was improved.All above did contribute to the exploration of the sustainable development of agriculture.Problems and prospect:In deed,the extension of swine science and technology to household has improved the standard of pig production,and yield economic benefit,ecological and social benefit.But due to the shortage of funding,the variation of pig market,the extension coverage was limited,and the extension of advanced technology was not in time.Therefore,in order to make the extension work sustainable development,more funds are needed and the evaluation work are need for more consideration.