Research On Optimization Method Of Tiered & TOU Pricing For Residents

Coverage method,ramsey rule and optimization method based on demand response are usually used to decide the ladder-type price.Ladder-type pricing encourages power users to conserve energy on one hand,while reflects the supply cost and considers the financial situation of users with different income levels on the other hand.The differences of different users are considered in ladder-type pricing,so that the basic power need of users can be satisfied and the energy crisis can be mitigated.Although ladder-type pricing limits the power use of some users in terms of energy consumption,it cannot reduce the difference between the peak and valley of power systems,which undermines the economic operation of power systems and cannot guarantee the interest balance of generation side,supply side and demand side.The solution to the peak-valley difference is time-of-use pricing,which encourages users to change their behaviors to reduce the load peak,improve the load ratio and stablize the power systems.However,time-of-use pricing cannot encourage users to conserve energy,but in contrast increase energy consumption during the periods with low electricity prices.Moreover,time-of-use pricing changes the peak-valley difference continuously,so the interests of supply companies and generation companies cannot be balanced.Therefore,time-of-use pricing is not used widely.Considering the above facts,an advanced pricing model which combines ladder-type pricing and time-of-use pricing is proposed in this paper,in order to promote energy conservation,increase the utilization of power devices and balance the low carbon economy and social benefits at the same time.First of all,average prices for different ladders are made based on ramsey rule.After that,NSGA-II is used to establish the time-of-use pricing optimization model and make the time-of-use prices in the range of the average prices.In the end,case study verifies the validity and benefits of the proposed ladder-type time-of-use pricing method,which helps conserve energy,reduce peak-valley difference and enhance the income of power supply vectors.