| Rural finance is the core of rural construction in China.According to the "No.1 document" of central government in 2015 and 2016,China need to develop rural inclusive financial sectors,and further improve the basic financial services such as deposit,withdrawal,payment and so on."Digital Financial Inclusion" has been put forward in the G20 summit of 2016,which means the people who can’t be access to financial service can acquire various financial services with affordable price for a longtime through mobile internet,network and communication services,mobile data,cloud computing and other digital technologies,as well as it follows the principle of business.Digital financial inclusion offers a new opportunity for rural financial development.Mobile banking is innovation of the traditional financial institutions under the background of "Digital Financial Inclusion".It helps people to acquire financial services through a mobile terminal,which is put out by traditional financial institutions with mobile carriers under the wave of Internet.It can provide financial services without physical dot,and each mobile phone can be a self-help bank counter.Mobile banking has the advantage of low transaction costs,and operating anywhere or anytime,so it plays an important role in the construction of rural finance.Based on this background,we will discuss mobile banking on how it impact farmers to obtain basic financial services.We extract two hypothesis based on theoretical analysis:First,mobile banking can overcome the limitation of time and space,shorten the distance between farmers and financial institutions,promote farmers access to basic financial services.Second,mobile banking can reduce the farmer’s obtain cost and financial institutions service cost,so as to improve the availability of farmers’ basic financial services.In order to study the hypothesis above,this article will take Sha Xian of Fuzhou for example,discussing the problem from four aspects by questionnaire survey in local farmers and interview to financial institutions.Including the covering situation of farmers’ basic financial services,metric analysis of farmers basic financial services exclusive influencing factors,metric analysis of the impact of mobile banking to farmers obtain basic financial service and transaction costs of financial institutions.Our conclusions are as follows:(1)From the perspective of the coverage of rural basic financial service,the demand of the basic financial service is high,and the using frequency is matching with the demand.(2)From the regression results of farmers basic financial services exclusive influencing factors,we found geographical exclusive has a positive significant impact on deposit and withdrawal services,exchange services and agent services,but it is not significant for loan service.Farmer’s transaction costs has an positive significant impact on deposit and withdrawal services,exchange services and loan service but it is not significant for agent services.(3)From the regression results of mobile banking to farmers obtain basic financial service,the results show that using mobile banking can promote farmers to obtain basic financial services.Concrete analysis shows using mobile banking directly promote exchange services and agency services,but deposit and withdrawal service and loan services promoting effect is not obvious.(4)Through the analysis of financial institutions’ transaction cost,we found that mobile banking can solve the problem of high cost and low income in rural areas and greatly enhance the financial institutions’ will of providing financial services in rural areas.Mobile banking can overcome physical access exclusion and reduce transaction costs to promote farmers to obtain basic financial services.However,it makes different influence with four basic financial services.Therefore,financial institutions should focus on promoting mobile banking on exchange services and agency services,paying attention to improve deposit&withdrawal service and loan services. |
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