Research On Chinese Accounting Of Share-based Payment

With the economic theory,the equity incentive can create a long-term and effective incentive effect for workers and staff,which has aroused worldwide attention and discussion.In 1952,the United States Pfizer Inc introduced stock options into the pay system,which marked the beginning of the stock based payment system.Share-based payment in China started late,but it developed very quickly."Company law","Securities Law","listed company equity incentive management measures",“Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises No.11——Share-based Payment” and accounting standards interpretation have been promulgated.But these regulations are too fragmented and unsystematic.However,with the continuous application of the share-based payment,the innovation of the share-based payment and the flexibility of practical operation,new problems appear in the process of the share-based payment.The study of share-based payment accounting is of great significance to improve the theory of share-based payment and standardize the practice of share-based payment.In the course of the study,this paper adopted many methods,such as normative research,statistical analysis,induction and summarization.This paper consists of five parts.The first part is the introduction,which mainly introduces the research background and significance,the literature review at home and abroad,as well as innovation and shortcomings.The second part is the definition and theoretical analysis of the share-based payment,firstly introduces the definition and types of the share-based payment,then discusses the economic essence of share based payment,finally introduces the viewpoints of accounting confirmation and accounting measurement.The third part is the description of the share-based payment and the analysis of the accounting problems.This part uses statistical data to count and describe the present situation of the share-based payment of the listed companies.Then,combining with the practical cases,analyzes the imperfections of the share-based payment standard and the main problems in the application of the standard.The fourth part puts forward some suggestions and measures to improve the share-based payment standard and standardize practical operation.The fifth part is the conclusion of this paper.This paper holds that through the vesting condition and special payment,the share-based payment can set up a bridge of benefit sharing and risk sharing for enterprises and employees,and form a long-term and effective incentive for employees.However,the accounting standards should be strengthened so as to ensure its reasonable application.This article supports expenses the share-based payment,uses fair value method,and take the grant date as the measure point of the fair value of equity instruments.This paper holds that the problems of the share-based payment include two aspects.First of all,the share-based payment standard itself is imperfect.For example,the determination of fair value of equity instruments has surplus management space,the estimate of the exercise amount is too subjective,and information disclosure requirements are not high.Secondly,there are some problems in the practice of the share-based payment standard.For example,some enterprises have not recognized the liabilities of the restricted stock with the repurchase obligations,amortization of the stock option and restricted shares are improper,and the motive of cancel the share-based payment is worth pondering.This paper suggests that to perfect the share-based payment standard and standardize the accounting treatment in practice.The innovation of this paper is that when discussing the economic nature of the share-based payment,it not only combines economics theory,but also compares the share-based payment with the acquisition of employee services and the purchase of other services.In the analysis of problems,listed companies as an example,so that the argument more in line with the actual situation.The deficiency of this paper is that the accounting information disclosure of share payment is incomplete,so the information and data obtained in this paper is not enough,and the conclusions may need further verification.