The Prosperity Of Hankou Tea Export Trade And Its Impacts On The Development Of Hankou City (1861-1917)

With the opening of Hankou, because of the rich hinterland of tea source, the center geography of Hankou, developed traffic conditions, mercantilist advantage, in the joint promotion of businessmen, Hankou gradually developed. The output in 1886 grow up to 268 Million burden, from 1871 to 1890, annual exports are more than 2 million burden. Hankou became the national tea distribution center, and formed a good linkage with Shanghai, Tianjin Port, as a transit port port. In addition, the demand of international market and the invasion of foreign forces, making China involved in the world market. Hankou tea industry is inevitably affected by the West,especially the United Kingdom and Russia. They decided Hankou tea Export category, also affect the rise and fall of Hankou tea exports.After five ports opening, although the city system of Hankou suffered a destroy, the natural disaster in 1849 and the impact of the war, Hankou has maintained a sustained development. After the opening of the Hankou, tea trade development are closely with the socio-economic and cultural changes of Hankou, it makes Han,kou from a traditional commercial town to the modern commercial city. It can say that the modern Hankou is known for tea, tea export trade affects the industry,finance, population structure, social organization, social customs and so on. Analying the historical changes of Hankou in the late Qing Dynasty, it can be helpful to further explore the influence of tea foreign trade of Hankou to social economy and culture.The rise of foreign trade makes the Russian brick tea factory moved to Hankou,gave birth to the Hankou brick tea industry. The foreign trade of the tea makes the transformation of the traditional financial industry, the establishment of the foreign banks. The Chinese people have also established the Bank of China to promote the emergence of the financial system of Hankou. With the rise of trade, the foreign population has increased, foreigners and merchants have entered Hankou. The social structure of Hankou has changed, at the same time, brought the customs and culture of the different regions, they collided in this collision, resulting in unique business culture. As a result of foreign trade needs, cargo transport has become a considerable business investment, making the ship transport and traffic routes developed. Hankou exports of tea makes Hankou is not only the commodity distribution center in Hubei Province, but also become a national and international business city.