The Change Of Land Use And Cover And Ecological Effect Of Zhengzhou Yellow River Wetland

Land provide space protection for the survival and development of human,land resources,which is limited and scarcity require people to rational development and utilization for land resources.Under the action of natural and human factors,the structure and type of land use have undergone great changes.The change of land use structure and type caused land cover change.LUCC has a great impact on the changes of global climate and environment.Therefore,To study the law of LUCC must to study natural and social factors which affect the land use effects.Wetland is an essential part of maintaining the stability of the Earth's ecosystem,It not only has a high socio-economic value,but also plays an important role in resisting floods,regulating runoff,controlling river pollution,improving local microclimate,maintaining biological diversity,and purifying environment.Zhengzhou Yellow River wetland is not only an important guarantee for the economic development of Zhengzhou City,but also an important component of ecological environment in Zhengzhou,with high resource and environmental value.However,with the increase of population,economic development,rapid urbanization and global warming,Zhengzhou Yellow River wetland ecosystem is facing great pressure,urgently need to strengthen the wetland ecosystem research and sustainable use,management and protection.In this paper,Zhengzhou Yellow River wetland protection area was selected as the research object.The remote sensing images of Landsat TM/ETM satellites in 1987,1994,2001 and 2013 were selected,and the LUCC change characteristics,driving factors,vegetation coverage and ecological service value of Zhengzhou Yellow River wetland was analyzed by ENVI,Arcgis and SPSS.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)In 1987-2013,The area of construction land and cultivated land increased the most in Zhengzhou Yellow River wetland protection area.The construction land area increased by47888.66hm2;cultivated area increased by 29917.86hm2.Reduced more area is beach and river.Among them,the beach area decreased by 41535.31hm2;river area reduced by30811.66hm2.According to the single land use dynamic degree,the fastest rate of spatial change is the construction land,with an average annual increase of 7.41%,followed by rivers and tidal flats,with an average annual decrease of 2.93% and 2.41% respectively.The comprehensive dynamic degree of land use change from 1978 to 2013 was 1.38,which indicated that the land use structure in the study area gradually stabilized.The land use index increased from 173 to 206,indicating that the level of land use continues to increase.From the point of view of land use change,the change is from-2 to 31,and the land use develops from the recession to the rapid development of land use.The main reasons for thechange are economic development,human development and utilization of natural activities intensified,and the demand for land increased.(2)In 1987-2013,the vegetation coverage of the Zhengzhou Yellow River wetland protected area fluctuated,but the overall trend was increasing.Vegetation coverage increased from 0.59 in 1987 to 0.69 in 2013.The area of each vegetation coverage area changed continuously.The area with the highest area was increased by 10.9%.The area with the highest vegetation area was reduced by 26.21%.The medium and high vegetation coverage areas were the highest(34.85% ~ 50.82%)in the study period.Indicating that the vegetation growth status of the study area gradually improved.The interannual variability of ve-getation coverage is consistent with the interannual variation of annual mean temperature,indicating that the increase of temperature can promote plant growth.The change of vegetation coverage is opposite to the precipitation.Indicating that in the study area,the increase in precipitation,reduced the number of vegetation,decreased the vegetation coverage.The change of vegetation coverage is mainly related to the area of cultivated land,the area of forest land and the change of construction land area.(3)In 1987-2013 the general trend of ecological service value of Zhengzhou Yellow River wetland protection area is decreased,and the total service value of ecosystem decreased from 487133.59 million yuan to 2657.18 million yuan.The reduction in the value of ecological services in rivers,ponds and tidal flats is due to the large value of their ecological services and the reduction in area.With the increase of land use level,the value of supply service and cultural service type is increasing,while the value of service and support service type decreases,and LUCC has different effects on different types of ecosystem services.The trend of individual ecosystem service function value(ESV)of Zhengzhou Yellow River wetland ecosystem is that the value of ecological service function of each service type is reduced,but the proportion of ecological service value of each service type is different.