A Study On The Problem Of Monopolistic Social Cost

Monopoly is not only a theoretical problem be paid close attention by academic circles,but also a major practice problem in social management.With the development of economic theory,the discussion of monopoly in academic circles has not reached consensus,but has the trend of escalation: there are not only a large number of anti-monopoly literature,but also a large number of literature advocating monopoly efficiency.In the real economy,there are more than 100 countries or regions in the world that have passed anti-monopoly legislation,and they have enacted anti-monopoly laws and put them into practice.However,even though the anti-monopoly law has been constantly improved,monopoly has always been full of "vitality".In China,on the one hand,the NDRC is taking advantage of "Anti-monopoly Law" to against monopoly,and on the other hand,with the deepening of the supply-side reform,the concentration of the industry has been continuously improved.The existence of this paradox means that it is worth further probing into the problem of monopolistic social cost,whether it is theoretical or practical.First of all,this paper combs the existing literature about the research of the social cost of monopoly.Through the analysis,there are mainly three kinds of theoretical research on the social cost of monopoly:(1)the Harberger triangle has initiated the price distortion research of monopoly social cost,and the research on monopolistic social cost has been developed mainly along the direction of development initiated by Harberger;(2)Leibenstein proposed the x-inefficiency to try to explain the monopolistic social cost from the perspective of cost.(3)Tullock explore the social cost of monopoly from the existence of rent-seeking level,creatively put forward Tullock Quadrilateral.The following three kinds of analyses have been developed and perfected by the subsequent scholars,but there are still shortcomings and shortcomings.The main manifestations are:(1)separating the monopoly price distortion and the cost distortion in the discussion;(2)ignoring the cost is the opportunity cost,and not illustrating the social cost of monopoly from the alternative perspective;(3)there is no strict distinction between administrative monopoly and non-administrative monopoly.Secondly,in order to make a comprehensive and systematical study on the social cost of monopoly,based on the conclusion of the second part,this paper makes an in-depth analysis on the efficiency characteristics of monopoly social cost.It mainly includes the following content.(1)Constructing an estimation model of monopolywelfare loss,putting price distortion and cost distortion into a unified framework,and explaining the social cost of monopoly from the perspective of the choice of alternative industrial organization,which is proved by two kinds of comparison of welfare level(monopoly operation and competition management,spontaneous monopoly and monopoly under government control).In the end,we can reach a conclusion that the social cost of monopoly does not exist,while administrative monopoly has the social cost.(2)To explain the social cost of monopoly from the point of substitution,making a clear distinction between the administrative monopoly and administrative non-monopoly problem of social cost of their own,and concluding that the Tullock quadrilateral can only be the social cost of administrative monopoly,rather than the social cost of non-administrative monopoly.Then,the conclusion is verified by using the method of combination of case and quantitative analysis.First of all,comparing the agricultural products industry,which is the representative of complete competition,and the American oil industry in the late19 th century,which is the representatives of non administrative monopoly.It is mainly the comparative analysis of the price situation,so as to verify the non administrative monopoly does not exist social cost.Secondly,selecting the research object of China's petroleum industry as the cost of administrative monopoly,and making horizontal and vertical analysis of the price changes in China's oil industry:(1)the vertical analysis,which include describing the oil price trend of the last ten years in China,reviewing and summarizing the trend of oil price change in China,demonstrate the exist possibility of social cost of administrative monopoly;(2)the horizontal comparisons,making a comparison and analysis of the price trend of gasoline prices in Singapore and the price of petrochemical gasoline in Zhejiang Province in 2016,further prove the existence of administrative monopoly social costs.Finally,the paper summarizes the article and condenses the main conclusions of the research,and analyzes the current situation of anti-monopoly practice in our country,so as to put forward some useful policy implications.At the same time,it also summarizes the deficiencies of the whole research and explains the direction of further research.