Research On The Efficiency And Influencing Factors Of Commercial Banks In China

China's economy has entered a new norm,the decline in the growth rate of the economic caused that the banking sector profit growth fell below 1%,while the banking sector NPL ratio rose,approaching the warning line,the efficiency of the banking sector in this case is to find the reasons of the low efficiency of China's commercial banks,which has important practical significance to improve the overall efficiency.In order to further explore the efficiency of commercial banks,this paper makes a static analysis and dynamic analysis of the efficiency.In the static analysis,taking NPLs as the negative output of the second phase in the two stage DEA model,we calculates the static efficiency of 16 listed commercial banks,compared with the two stage DEA model not containing bad loans,and find NPLs has a significant influence on the bank efficiency;we compare the efficiency of four state-owned banks and joint-stock commercial banks and find the SOBs are more efficient than the JSBs,and this advantage also exists in the deposit acquisition phase and profit acquisition phase,to verify the theory of industrial organization in the market power hypothesis;We compare the efficiency of the first stage and the second stage to find the same bank's efficiency in two stages may be different,before 2008,China's commercial banks rely mainly on first phase,and after 2008 mainly rely on the second phase.In dynamic analysis,we calculate Malmquist productivity index from 2003-2015,fto find that the efficiency of Chinese commercial banks has long been steadily improved,but there was a substantial decline in 2008 and 2014;In addition,through the decomposition of total factor productivity,the Commercial Bank of our country mainly depends on the change of productivity technological progress;the cumulative increase of maximum productivity is China Merchants Bank,Zhejiang bank is the lowest.Finally,we choose factors from the macroscopic perspective,industry perspective and the individual perspective to study bank efficiency,and find that macro variables such as the growth rate of GDP,total fixed asset investment growth rate,M2 growth rate has a significant positive impact on bank efficiency,the largest four banks of fixed-asset-share has a significant negative impact on the efficiency of banks,the bank's capital adequacy ratio has a significant positive impact on bank efficiency,non-interest income account of SOBs has positive impact on the efficiency.In order to enhance the overall efficiency of the banking industry,the banks should effectively deal with the non-performing loans;regulators should encourage private banks into the industry;banks should reduce the proportion of traditional services,and enhance high value-added business;traditional banks should embrace the Internet;banks should strengthen risk control.