The Study On Capital Structure And Influencing Factors Of Listed Commercial Banks In China

Since China has opened economic and accessed to the WTO,the degree of financial marketization has deepened,and financial enterprises are facing more severe challenges from the international community.The CBRC was set up in 2003,began to organization and supervision of the banking industry in clear and systematic way,steadily promoting the reform of the shareholding system of large commercial banks and improving the capital structure of commercial banks.But in recent years,the continuous entry of foreign banks and the rapid development of city?rural banks,and the emergence of Internet financial projects have brought challenges to the traditional banks.More and more fierce industry competition and complex capital environment have put forward higher requirements for China's commercial banks.Only by improving the capital structure,improving the ability to resist risk and the management level,could strengthen their competitiveness and develop well in the domestic market or international market.This article reviews the theory of corporate capital structure in the first,analyzes the characteristics of the capital structure of the commercial banks and the adjustment process of the capital structure of the commercial banks in China,and collate the literature of the domestic and foreign scholars on the bank capital structure at the present stage.Then,using the related data of capital structure of 16 listed commercial banks in China from the listed year to 2016,from the angle of asset liability ratio,debt capital,equity capital and capital adequacy ratio,describe the capital structure characteristics of state-owned commercial banks,joint-stock commercial Banks and city commercial Banks banks.It is considered that the ratio of assets and liabilities of the listed commercial banks in China is high,the ratio of the deposit to the debt capital is very high,the source of equity capital needs to be expanded,and the state-owned commercial banks are more dependent on the equity financing,and the capital adequacy ratio has reached the regulatory requirements.The change of asset and liability ratio after the commercial bank is listed,it is found that with the time of listing,the change of the debt ratio of commercial banks becomes larger and the overall trend is decreasing.According to the description and analysis of the current situation of capital structure,this paper summarizes the factors that may affect the change of capital structure of China's commercial banks.From internal and external aspect,it selects seven factors,such as the growth rate of GDP,interbank lending rate,bad loan rate,cost and income ratio,deposit ratio,asset size and listed year.Using the asset liability rate as the explanatory variable,sets up a panel data regression model for the related data of two types of state-owned and non-state-owned commercial banks,carries out an empirical and comparative analysis of the results.Then sum up the results of statistics and regression,and give suggestions on how to optimize the capital structure and enhance the comprehensive ability of China's listed commercial banks from different angles.