Education And Intergenerational Mobility Research Based On Spatial Statistics

Education plays an important role in regional development,which is the important driving forces for social development and mobility so that its equity is essential.The education equity includes whether the allocation of educational resources and intergenerational mobility of education are reasonable.Analyzing the spatial distribution of educational resources can grasp the allocation of educational resources,and correct the imbalance of resource allocation in time,so as to narrow the gap of regional development.Not only has education own intergenerational mobility,but also can promote society's.Therefore,the analysis of intergenerational mobility of education are helpful to reflect the social mobility,thus providing advices and suggestions for regional development.Based on the census data,official statistics,the data of Chinese General Social Survey in 2013 and the data of the comprehensive survey of social conditions launched by the Wuhan University in 2014,the paper explores the spatial distribution features of the educational resources,education scale and education intergenerational mobility.Not only studies the paper the factors that influence the scale of higher education and average years of schooling,but also studies the intergenerational mobility of education in provinces,districts and communities.The main research work of this paper is as follows:(1)The temporal and spatial distribution pattern of educational resourcesThe gaps of educational resources in these regions are obvious owing to economic and social development differences.Higher education resources is selected to represent the research object in the study.This paper uses the method of spatial statistical analysis to analyze the educational resources of all provinces in mainland China,adapts a number of indicators in 2003?2015 years,obtains a comprehensive index according to the entropy method,and calculates the Gini coefficient of resources' allocation in each year.After analysis and comparison for spatial distribution of resources in each year,this paper adapts many spatial statistical analysis methods to study the temporal and spatial variation of comprehensive index including high/low Clustering,hot spot analysis,standard deviation ellipse and barycenter analysis.It is found that the higher education resources are gathered in the east and the middle of China,which is barren in the western region,and presents the phenomenon of the high and low value of resources separately,and the center of gravity lies in the central area.In time,the center of gravity of resources has the trend of westward migration,but which is not obvious.(2)Spatial analysis of influencing factors of educational scaleIn this paper,the average number of college students per one hundred thousand population and the average years of schooling as indicators to measure the education scale.In the study of higher education scale,education scales in 2008 and 2014 are comparised to find the temporal and spatial variation during the 6 years in China's mainland provinces.In the study of average education scale,firstly,the coefficients of the Gene of average years of schooling are calculated in these provinces,and then the spatial distribution pattern of Gene coefficient and the average years of schooling are compared.Finally,the paper uses geographically weighted regression method to respectively analysis the selected factors that affect the scale of higher education and the average years of schooling.The conclusions are obtained that in order to expand the scale of education in a region,local government may be appropriate to relax the requirements of the third industry,increase investment in education resources,and improve the level of urbanization.(3)Intergenerational mobility of EducationThis paper chooses correlation between the fathers' average education level and the sons' to represent the magnitude of the intergenerational mobility of education.The spatial pattern of intergenerational mobility of education was studied by using geographically weighted regression model.In order to understand the situation of the intergenerational mobility of national scale and municipal scale,the experimental scale includes three:provincial units including most provinces or cities,county units and community units of Wuhan City.The spatial distribution of educational heritage is obtained based on modeling the intergenerational mobility of education.From the provincial scale,the educational transmission between father and son is balanced in the South and North.However,from the east to the west it gradually becomes larger.Compared to the northeast of Wuhan City,the phenomenon of education inheritance is more serious in the southwest,meaning the intergenerational mobility is smaller in the region.