Effective Information Enhancement And Fluid Response Characteristics Analysis Of Seismic Data

With the increase of the overall difficulty of exploration and development,the global petroleum exploration and development methods have undergone major changes: from the conventional oil and gas exploration and development gradually to the unconventional oil and gas exploration and development.At the same time,people have put forward higher requirements for the accuracy of seismic exploration.Not only must a fine description of small reservoirs be made,but also a precise calculation of the fluid position in the reservoir is required.However,only with high-resolution seismic data,it is possible to accurately identify the location of the reservoir and the range of oil,gas,and water in the reservoir.Therefore,a detailed description of the reservoir structure of oil and gas reservoirs,and oil,gas,and water in the reservoir are possible.Therefore,it is very important to describe the oil,gas-water and water position accurately in the reservoir structure,and it is also very important to locate the oil,gas-water and water layers in the reservoir.Based on the attenuation compensation of seismic data and the different response characteristics of different fluids in the far and near angle gathers,the improved generalized S transform and its derivations are mainly studied.The amplitude spectrum characteristics of the single seismic signal decomposed by the complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition(CEEMD)are combined with the generalized S transform.The energy of the new frequency domain is derived.The formula of optimal criterion is constructed,and the improved expression of the generalized S transform is constructed.At the same time,the absorption and attenuation law of seismic waves is also studied.A new amplitude compensation function is constructed by the improved generalized S transform on the basis of the amplitude spectrum of the seismic wave.The high-resolution processing of seismic data makes the overall resolution of the seismic data obviously improved,not only the resolution of seismic data is improved.At the same time,it greatly improves the computational efficiency of the improved generalized S transform.In this paper,the identification of oil and gas reservoirs is deeply studied on the basis of improving the seismic data resolution.The fluid mobility rate and Teager energy are used as the main fluid identification methods,and the location of oil,gas-water and water in the reservoir is accurately located according to the different response characteristics of different fluids in the far and near angle trace gathers.The data verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the new amplitude compensation function and far and near-angle trace gathers.The research work and progress include the following contents:(1)On the basis of the ensemble empirical mode decomposition,we extend the generalized S transform and use the amplitude spectrum of the IMF signal to obtain the optimal domain frequency information and propose a new energy optimal quasi measurement formula.And use the domain frequency information as the optimal parameter to improve the time-frequency resolution of the generalized S transform,and greatly improve calculation efficiency of the generalized S transform.(2)Based on variational mode decomposition,a new amplitude compensation function is constructed by using the improved generalized S transform.On the basis of synthetic seismological records and filed data,using the newly constructed amplitude compensation function to compensate the synthetic seismological records and filed data,the loss of the weak energy signal is eliminated by the conventional method,and the seismic data with high resolution are obtained.The feasibility and effectiveness of this method can be verified by the method.(3)Using Teager energy and fluid mobility to identify reservoir fluid characteristics.For the same model data and filed data,we use Teager energy and fluid mobility formula to decompose and identify the reservoir location,so as to verify the possibility of reservoir existence.At the same time,we use fluid mobility to identify the top and bottom interfaces of oil,gas-water and water in different reservoirs with pre-stack and post-stack filed data.(4)Comparing the results of post-stack data processing of fluid mobility,using the different response characteristics of gas,gas-water,water at the pre-stack far and nearangle gathers,the purpose is to accurately locate the top and bottom interfaces of different fluids and their specific scope.It has verified the feasibility and validity of the fluid mobility at the far and near-angle gathers to accurately identify the fluid position,also provided a reliable method of the pre-stack seismic data to identify hydrocarbon reservoirs in the reservoir.