| Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)is a common soil microorganism in nature.It can form AM with more than 90% of flowering plants of the land to promote plant absorption and utilization of mineral nutrients and moisture,improve plant resistance and disease resistance,improve soil structure.It is very important to maintain the ecological stability of the mining area.We intend to compare the effects of surface subsidence and plant establishment on soil AMF diversity by taking the mining area as the research sample and AMF and soil factors as the research objects,aiming at explaining the influential mechanism of establishing different plants to soil ecological environment in mining area.The main results are as follows:1.In mining subsidence area,totally 27 species,9 geneses,6 families AMF were isolated.20 species,8 geneses,5 families AMF were isolated from sample soil area.1species belongs to Acaulospora,1 species belongs to Entrophospora,11 speciesbelong to Glomus,1 species belong to Rhizophagus,1 species belong to Funneliformis,2 species belong to Septoglomus,2 species belong to Claroideogomus,1 species belong to Scutellospora.Among which,Septoglomus constrictum was the dominant species.18 species,9 geneses,6 families AMF were isolated from rhizosphere soil area.3 species belong to Acaulospora,1 species belongs to Entrophospora,4 species belong to Glomus,1 species belongs to Funneliformis,2species belong to Septoglomus,1 species belong to Rhizophagus,2 species belong to Claroideogomus,1 species belongs to Diversispora,1 species belongs to Scutellospora.Among which,Claroideogomus etunicatum?Septoglomus constrictum were the dominant species.2.In mining subsidence area,AMF spore density of sample soil area was12.00-424.67 per 50 g soil,species richness was 3.33-5.67 per 50 g soil,Shannon wiener index was 0.814-1.518,Simpson index was 0.459-0.746.AMF spore density of rhizosphere soil area was 31.00-683.67 per 50 g soil;species richness was2.33-6.67 per 50 g soil;Shannon wiener index was 1.448-0.498,Simpson index was0.459-0.746.When the subsidence appeared,spore density and species richness of AMF decreased.3.Microbial quantity of sample soil area were as follow: the quantity of fungi was 0.467-49.667*10-2 per 1 g soil,the quantity of actinomycetes was2.167-104.633*10-3 per 1 g soil,the quantity of bacteria was 0.833-17.000*10-4 per1 g soil.Microbial quantity of rhizosphere soil area were as follow: the quantity of fungi was 0.467-49.667*10-2 per 1 g soil,the quantity of actinomycetes was2.167-104.633*10-3 per 1 g soil,the quantity of bacteria 0.833-17.000*10-4 was per 1g soil.The proportion of bacteria was the highest.4.In the sample soil area and the rhizosphere soil area,the range of acid phosphatase was 0.0008 mg/g-0.0025 mg/g and 0.0012 mg/g-0.0039 mg/g,neutral phosphatase activity was 0.0004 mg/g-0.0029 mg/g and 0.0005 mg/g-0.0027 mg/g,alkaline phosphates' activity was 0.0022 mg/g-0.0052 mg/g and 0.0020 mg/g-0.0073mg/g,urease activity was 28.580 mg/g-221.859 mg/g and 23.813 ?g/d/g-463.136?g/d/g,sucrase activity was 4.263 mg/g-47.794 mg/g and 4.710 mg/d/g-112.892mg/d/g,catalase activity was 18.025 ?mol/d/g-51.130 ?mol/d/g and 25.718mg/g-55.145 m/g.In the sample soil area,urease activity decreased with soil depth except S1,S2,S5.The content of urease activity in 0-10 cm soil area is higher than10-20 cm and 20-30 cm markedly.Except for P13,the rhizosphere urease activity decreased with soil depth,the content of soil area urease activity in 0-10 cm soil area is higher than 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm markedly.And except for S6,the sucrase activity of sample soil area decreased with soil depth.Except P5,P9 and P10,other rhizosphere sucrase activity decreased with soil depth.5.The physical and chemical properties of sample and plant rhizosphere:moisture content was 3.773-16.170% and 4.301-17.959%,p H-value 7.926-8.424 and7.544-8.468.the content of ammonium nitrogen,rapid available phosphorus and available potassium were 3.178-7.333 ppm and 2.111-11.489 ppm,19.667-62.778 ppm and 3.511-22.844 ppm,8.000-34.667 ppm and 7.1110-36.000 ppm respectively.The content of total nitrogen,total phosphorus and organic matter were 0.184-0.444mg/g and 0.45-0.784 mg/g,0.181-0.634 mg/g and 0.037-0.124 mg/g,1.295-20.50mg/g and 1.751-40.273 mg/g.Except for S1,S2 and S5,other total nitrogen sample area,decreased with soil depth,between 0-10 cm and 20-30 cm exist difference significant.There is a little change in the content of total nitrogen,except P1 and P10,other content of total nitrogen decreased with soil depth,and there is a significant change in 0-10 cm and 20-30 cm.6.The study concludes that: mining subsidence reduces soil nutrients and microbial diversity;artificial planting has restored plant diversity,soil microbes and nutrients in this area.AMF infection rate: Heteropappus altaicus(Willd)Novopokr >Astragalus adsurgens Pall > Stipa breviflora Griseb.7.AMF spore density of sample soil area had the most significant negative correlation positive with soil moisture content and soil p H(P<0.01),and had significant positive correlation with alkaline phosphates' activity,acid phosphates' activity and available phosphorus content(P<0.05),and had the most significant positive correlation with urease activity and catalase activity(P<0.01).AMF spore density of rhizosphere soil area had the most significant positive correlation with soil moisture content and available nitrogen(P<0.01),and had significant positive correlation with soil p H and soil organic matter(P<0.05),and had the most significant negaitive correlation with soil depth(P<0.05).8.Soil p H,available phosphorus,phosphatase,urease,AMF diversity index,and microbial population decreased after subsidence.After planting plants,soil nutrients,urease,sucrase,AMF diversity index,and microbial population all increased.Amongthem,the mixed cultivation of Ou Li,Wen Guan Guo,Wild Cherry,etc.in the subsidence area and the Platycladus in the Non-subsidence area are better.The types and quantities of AMF in non-subsidence-unmanaged plots are relatively high,indicating that it has abundant AMF resources. |
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