Phylogeographic Study Of Daimio Tethys

DNA sequence data for three mitochondrial genes(COI,Cytb,ND5)and one nuclear genes(EF-1a)were used for 110 exemplars,which were collected from the distribution range of Daimio tethys.Using the principles and methods of ?phylogeography?,The present thesis detected the genetic structure of this species in its modern distribution.Combined with the geologic and paleoclimatic data,the thesis also speculated the possible glacial refugia and explored how geographical events and climate fluctuations were responsible forpopulation differentiation of D.tethys.The main results are as follows:1.A total of 2226 bp fragment of mt DNA(COI: 658bp;Cytb: 748bp;N D5: 820bp)was obtained,which contained 146 variable sites,93 of which were parsimony informative.These variable sites identified 53 unique haplotypes,H1,H3,H4,H6,H7 and H10 was shared among populations.The most abundant haplotype was found only in single individual.The overall average haplotype diversity(Hd)and nucleotide diversity(?(?))of D.tethys population was 0.969 and 0.0089,respectively.2.The FSTand Nmvalue among populations in different areas showed that gene flow is restricted among mostly populations and the genetic diversity weren't obvious.3.BI tree and haplotype network showed the D.tethys should be recognized as a distinct species,which is no t support the previous morphological views.Habitat fragmentation and local adaptation seem likely affect intraspecific morphological virations,such as wing marking.4.Hierarchical AMOVA based on combined mitochondrial DNA(mt DNA)and nuclear DNA(n DNA)sequence data revealed that only 14.96% of the total variance was distributed among populations,and a large level of variation was due to differentiations within populations.And significant genetic structure was examined among population(FST = 0.61458,P < 0.001).Significant correlations between genetic distance and geographic distance were determined by Mantel test(r = 0.0452,P = 0.0388),which was indicated the role of geographic isolation in shaping the present population genetic structure of D.tethys.5.The comparision of haplotype distribution patterns indicated the regions of South China and Q inling Mountains were the potential refugia during the Pleistocene ice ages.6.The disjunct distribution of D.tethys is the result of vicariance.Molecular dating suggests that separation between populations on the island of Japan,southern Korean Peninsula,Taiwan,Southwest C hina and mainland Asia occurred during the late Pleistocene.Which is in accored with the climate change.7.The remarkable spatial genetic differentiations and historical demography among D.tethys lineages likely reflect the effects of historical isolation induced by tectonic changes and pleistocene climatic shifts.