The Molecular Phylogeny Of Trigonidiidae From China (Orthoptera: Grylloidea)

Trigonidiidae belongs to the supperfamily of Grylloidea(Insecta: Orthoptera).Trigonidiidae include two subfamilies of Trigonidiinae and Nemobiinae,and there are 18 genera and 7 subgenera of 83 species known in China.The crickets of Trigonidiidae are small,the researches on Trigonidiidae mainly focus on traditional classification and new species description,but there are unclear between intergeneric and interspecific classifications.At present,molecular phylogeny has been widely used in phylogenetic research of animals,plants and microorganism,but there is no relevant report on Trigonidiidae.In order to clarify the relationship of each genus and species of Trigonidiidae in China and overcome the human error in the traditional classification,we firstly explored its phylogenetic relationship by molecular phylogenetic method.In this study,we used four mitochondrial genes 12 SrRNA,16SrRNA,Cytb,COI and two nuclear genes 18 SrRNA,28SrRNA as amplication target sequences to study the phylogenetic relationship of Trigonidiidae in 103 individuals representing 42 species of 12 genera by Maxiumum likelihood and Bayesian inference,providing rich data for molecular phylogenetic research.The results are as followings:1.By PCR amplification,we obtain 101 12 SrRNA sequences,97 16 SrRNA sequences,97 Cytb sequences,96 COI sequences,93 18 SrRNA sequences and 101 28 SrRNA sequences.Totally 585 sequences were analyzed.2.The monophyly of Trigonidiinae and Nemobiinae is supported and the bootstrap values are high.3.Four genera of Nemobiinae are monophyletic.The species of Speonemobius singly form a cluster.Dianemobius,Polionemobius and Pteronemobius form a cluster,and Dianemobius is closely related with Polionemobius.4.Seven genera of Trigonidiidae are monophyletic.Natula,Anaxiphomorpha, Homoeoxipha and Paranaxipha form a cluster,and Anaxiphomorpha is closely related with Homoeoxipha.Paratrigonidium,Trigonidium,Svistella,Metiochodes form a cluster.Paratrigonidium is closely related with Trigonidium.5.Amusurgus is not a monophyly.Three subgenera of Amusurgus show relatively far relationship,but all individuals of each subgenus form a cluster with high bootstrap values.According to the results of molecular phylogeny,three subgenera should be recovered,respectively Amusurgus,Usgmona,Paranaxipha.6.The collected crickets were identified before molecular phylogenetic analysis,and four new species have been found,Speonemobius bifasciatus sp.nov.,Speonemobius fulvus sp.nov.,Paratrigonidium chloropodum sp.nov.and Svistella fuscoterminata sp.nov..The type specimens are deposited in East China Normal University,Biology of History Museum(ECNU).