Research And Evaluation Of Rnvironmental Geology In Guangyuan Coal Mine

Coal mining in Guangyuan has a history of more than 100 years,causing some damage to the local ecological environment and bringing hidden troubles to agricultural products and other environmental security.This article first analyzes the research status at home and abroad on the impact of coal mining areas,especially meteorite accumulation areas on the ecological environment.Targeted monitoring of several coal mines in the Guangyuan and monitoring and analysis of the soil and water in coal gangue and the surrounding environmental systems.The characteristics of gangue and the effects of accumulation on the surrounding soil and water environment were analyzed,and the feasibility of reclamation was discussed.The main conclusions of the article are as follows:?1?In this paper,the water environmental benefit analysis is carried out on the accumulation effect of coal gangue in the study area,which is divided into surface water and groundwater level.In the aspect of surface water,due to the circulation and migration of rain and runoff,the harmful substances contained in gangue have obvious dissolution phenomena.The overall effect of gangue on the surface water environment reflects the law of decreasing the pollution matter to the surrounding area.Among them,SO₄^2-has the most extensive impact,followed by COD,Pb and Cd.The analysis of groundwater environmental benefits is divided into two aspects:the accumulation of waste rock and the drainage of the pit.According to the analysis,the accumulation of vermiculite has a significant impact on underground diving.The impact radius of the gangue accumulation is 300 meters,and the maximum is over 400 meters.The drainage of mine pits will produce the underground water funnel effect,which will affect the balance of the groundwater hydraulic system,and the heavy metal or other toxic ions in the waste water can easily form a cascade pollution effect.?2?Based on the regional ecological degradation caused by coal mining in the study area.In this paper,the characteristics of soil properties and heavy metals in the study area were analyzed from the aspect of soil environmental effects using eco-geochemical methods.The fractal dimension analysis of soil shows that the fractal dimension?CFD?of soil aggregates in the coal mining area and closed mine area of the coal mine is small.Presumably because the soil is idle,the structure of the granule is preserved.The fractal dimension?PDF?of soil particles has proved to some extent the optimization effect of artificial afforestation on soil structure,which can play a role in soil conservation.Under the analysis of the internal comprehensive pollution index.More than half of the samples in the study area were heavy metal pollution?P>3?.The three types of heavy metals that exceeded the most severe standards were Hg,Cu and Cr,all of which exceeded the National Soil Grade II or even Grade III standard.?3?The soil in the coal mine drainage area in the study area is generally acidic with a pH of 3.65 to 6.32.The effect of soil organic matter content on the overall sewage treatment is also obvious.Both of them increase with the distance of gangue mountain.The total potassium content of total phosphorus in the mining area was at medium level,but the content of rapid nitrogen and available phosphorus was extremely low,presumably due to the decrease of soil fertility due to soil acidification.Soil acidification is the focus of ecological restoration and land reclamation in the study area.