| The evaluation of cultivated land fertility can better reflect the soil state of cultivated land in the region,and it is also one of the important methods to measure the cultivated land productivity.The results of farmland fertility evaluation will affect the regional food security and economic development.Cultivated land is an irreplaceable natural resource that has been passed down from generation to generation for human survival and development.It is an important material basis for developing agricultural production,ensuring food security,maintaining social stability,and promoting comprehensive,coordinated and sustainable economic and social development.In order to meet the needs of agricultural development in the new era,we must ensure the food security,agricultural efficiency,farmers’ income,agricultural competitiveness and sustainable agricultural development.We must increase the quality of farmland quality construction and management,and effectively protect and build it.Existing cultivated land.This study takes Heihe City of Heilongjiang Province as the research area,and takes the cultivated land within the city area as the research object.Based on the data of the 2012 Heihe Agricultural Extension Station,the multi-objective comprehensive evaluation method is used to evaluate the cultivated land fertility in Heihe City.Soil trace elements and pH(pH)were selected from three aspects: site conditions,physicochemical properties and soil nutrients.Soil organic matter,alkali nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,total phosphorus,total nitrogen,total potassium,copper,zinc,iron,manganese and molybdenum.And other indicators were evaluated and analyzed.According to the evaluation results,the arable land fertility is graded,and targeted suggestions and measures are proposed for soil improvement protection and improvement.The research results have important theoretical significance and guiding significance for the improvement of cultivated land quality in Heihe City.The research results are as follows:(1)According to the evaluation results of cultivated land fertility,the first-grade cultivated land accounts for 17.8% of the soil resource area,and is distributed in Nenjiang County,Bei’an City,Wudalianchi City,Xunke County,Sunwu County and Aihui District;secondary cultivated land accounts for soil resource area.33.0% of the distribution is in Aihui District,Nenjiang County,Sunwu County and Xunke County;the third-grade cultivated land accounts for 31.0% of the soil resource area,distributed in Nenjiang County,Bei’an City and Wudalianchi City;the fourth-level cultivated land accounts for the soil resource area.14.1% of the distribution is in Aihui District,Bei’an City and Wudalianchi City;the fifth-grade cultivated land accounts for 4.1% of the soil resource area.In general,the first and second grades belong to high-yield field soil with a total area of 60,9028.1 hm2,accounting for 50.8%;the third and fourth grades are middle-class soil,with an area of 541504.7 hm2,accounting for 45.1%.The middle and low-yield fields totaled 4,9467.1hm2,accounting for 4.1%.According to the evaluation results of cultivated land fertility in Heihe City,qualitative analysis of the factors affecting the evaluation results,soil erosion problems,fertilization,tillage,early indica and other factors restrict the level of cultivated land fertility in Heihe City.(2)Based on the results of the evaluation of cultivated land fertility in Heihe City,scientific suggestions were put forward.There are mainly ways to improve cultivated land: promoting dry farming and water-saving agriculture,fertilizing soil,improving soil fertility,rational rotation,adjusting crop layout,strengthening prevention and control measures to reduce soil erosion;suggestions for improvement and utilization of cultivated soil: scientifically formulating soil improvement plans and increasing construction standards The investment in basic farmland and the strengthening of the detection and early warning system for cultivated land. |
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