| Zhaozhou County is an important agricultural county in Heilongjiang Province and one of the major corn producing areas in Heilongjiang Province.The resources of corn straw are very abundant,however,the abundant corn straw resources have not been reasonably used,resulting in a large amount of resources being idle and wasted.In this paper,the method of combining energy analysis with ecological footprint is used to measure the comprehensive utilization of corn straw resources in the five years from 2012 to 2016 in Zhaozhou area.On the one hand,theoretical research can provide a theoretical basis of the future development of straw comprehensive utilization industry in Zhaozhou County;on the other hand,it has important practical significance of the sustainable development of agriculture,the development of agricultural circular economy and the large-scale development and utilization of straw in Zhaozhou County.The results are as follows:(1)During the five years from 2012 to 2016,the per capita-total ecological footprint of corn straw utilization in Zhaozhou County was 1.420 hm~2,the per capita-total ecological capacities was2.254 hm~2,the per capita-total ecological surplus was 0.834 hm~2.The values of annual average ecological footprint was 0.284 hm~2 with corresponding annual average ecological capacities of0.451 hm~2,and the annual average ecological surplus value was 0.167 hm~2.(2)During the five years from 2012 to 2016,the comprehensive utilization of corn straw in Zhaozhou County had been shown as an ecological surplus,which means that the per capita ecological carrying capacity was greater than the per capita ecological footprint.In the five years,the per capita ecological surplus had shown a downward trend,but there had been fluctuations.The lowest value of the ecological surplus in 2016 was 0.066 hm~2,the highest ecological surplus value of 2012 was 0.260 hm~2.Although the comprehensive utilization of corn straw in Zhaozhou County in the past five years had always been an ecological surplus,it was still in a state of sustainable development.However,the situation is not optimistic.It is urgent to adjust the way of straw application for the region,further reduce the ecological footprint,and make the application of corn straw maintain the state of sustainable development.(3)During the five years from 2012 to 2016,the per capita ecological footprint of corn straw for feed utilization in Zhaozhou County showed an overall upward trend,with a slight decrease in2015 and an increasing trend in other years;the per capita ecological footprint of corn straw fuel utilization showed an overall upward trend in present;the per capita ecological footprint of corn straw storage and utilization showed an overall upward trend;the per capita ecological footprint of corn straw incineration showed an overall downward trend.In the five years,the per capita ecological footprint of straw incineration ranked first,and the cumulative per capita ecological footprint in five years was 0.741 hm~2,which accounted for 52%of the total per capita ecological footprint of corn straw utilization.It was necessary to increase the comprehensive utilization of straw and improv the application process of straw industrialization in Zhaozhou county,reduce straw burning in the field.(4)Through the evaluation of the ecological footprint and analysis of the total ecological footprint of the corn straw utilization in different ways for Zhaozhou County,it was found that the total per capita ecological footprint of corn straw utilization in different ways of the five years was:incineration>feed>life fuel>straw returning>straw storage.Because it is difficult to collect the actual consumption of corn straw utilization in different ways,many data are based on statistical data to estimate and deviate from authentic data.In addition,due to the structural adjustment of crop production,the corn planting area in Zhaozhou County was significantly reduced in 2016,resulting in per capita use of the ecological footprint of corn straw,per capita ecological carrying capacity and other related data on fluctuations greatly.In conclusion,the utilization of corn straw resources in Zhaozhou County is still within the carrying capacity of the ecosystem in the region,but the rapid decline in the value of ecological surplus needs to be paid attention.Combined with the actual development of the region,the following countermeasures are proposed:improve capital investment mechanism and increase capital investment;rationally adjust crop planting layout and reduce straw output;strengthen the promotion and utilization of comprehensive utilization of straw and raise farmers’awareness;strengthen the construction of forecast and early warning system for straw incineration,and improve the information release mechanism;accelerate the construction of straw utilization facilities and promote the industrialization process;strengthen the promotion of science and technology to help the comprehensive utilization of straw. |
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