Development Of Humic Acid Soil Conditioner And Application On Acidizing Orchard Soil

Soil acidification not only affected crop yield but also reduced crop quality,Soil conditioner was an important way to improve soil acidification.However,there were many kinds of soil conditioners and the improvement was difference.At present,the main soil conditions had mineral inorganic soil conditioner,organic material organic soil conditioner and organic-inorganic soil conditioner.Minerals main had calcium,magnesium and silicon,which could increase cation exchange capacity and reduce soil acidification.Humic acid was the core components of soil organic matter,which plaited an important role in the formation of soil water-stable aggregates.The combination of minerals and humic acid has not been reported yet.In this study,minerals and humic acid were used to produce humic acid soil conditioner through a certain process.Besides,the plot experiment was carried out at acidified orchard soil in Jiaodong to explore the improvement effect of humic acid soil conditioner.The research mainly included two aspects,first,the optimum production conditions of humic acid soil conditioner were determined by setting different reaction which included temperature,pressure,and the amount of humic acid application,as well,the content of available potassium,calcium,magnesium and silicon were tested under different production conditions.The second parts,the common soil conditioner,humic acid soil conditioner,humic acid soil conditioner application reduced 15%were applied in Jiaodong acidizing orchard soil.The apple yield,quality,soil physical and chemical properties were evaluation index to evaluate the effect of common soil conditioner and humic acid soil conditioner in acidified orchard soil,that to select the type and optimal application amount of soil conditioner.The main results are as follows:(1)The raw materials of humic acid soil conditioner composed of potassium feldspar,limestone and activated catalyst.The humic acid soil condition,s best production included reaction time4 h,reaction temperature 170?,reaction pressure 1.4 MPa,the activated catalyst 5%KOH,and the added of amount of humic acid 6%.Under this production the content of available potassium,calcium,magnesium,silicon was 3.18%,23.45%,3.88%,12.06%respect.(2)In humic acid soil conditioner the content of available potassium,calcium,magnesium,silicon was higher by added in alkali-activated humic acid treatment than that in oxygen-activated humic acid.By the humic acid application among 2%-6%,the content of available potassium,calcium,magnesium,silicon relate to alkali-activated humic acid.(3)Under conventional fertilization in acidified orchard soil,soil condition application could increase the yield of apple.The effect of yield increase among common soil conditioner and humic acid soil conditioner was significantly difference.Among them,the apple yield of humic acid soil conditioner was 14.46%higher than that without soil conditioner,compared with common soil conditioner,the apple yield of humic acid soil conditioner increased by4.84%,the apple yield of humic acid soil conditioner application reduced 15%could still increased by 2.87%.In addition,humic acid soil conditioner increased total sugar content by9.35%-15.46%and reduced sugar acid by 21.84%-46.58%.There was no significant difference in apple yield and total sugar content between the total application of humic acid soil conditioner and the application reduced 15%.(4)The application of common soil conditioner and humic acid soil conditioner could all improve the soil physical and chemical properties in a certain extent,and the improvement effect was more obvious.Humic acid soil conditioner application could improve the soil physical and chemical properties.Compared with common soil conditioner,the improvement effect of humic acid soil conditioner was better.Humic acid soil conditioner could increase the soil pH by 0.07-0.45 units,reduce the content of exchangeable acid by 16.07%~28.97%,increase the content of exchangeable calcium by 6.82%~17.16%,reduce soil bulk density by2.72%~4.76%,increase the soil porosity by 1.74%~3.54%.Besides,humic acid could promote the formation of water-stable aggregates,and increase the activity of soil urease and sucrase at different degree(5)Under this test conditions,humic acid soil conditioner application by 1275 kg/hm~2under conventional fertilization in acidified orchard soil was regarded as the effective way to improve soil,yield and quality.