Synthesis Of Nanocomposites Based On Bovine Serum Albumin And The Inhibition Of Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus

Bovine serum albumin?BSA?is widely used in nanomaterials synthesis and drug delivery because of its abundant sources,easy purification,low cost,satisfactory water solubility,and good biocompatibility.However,the application of BSA-based nanomaterials in the field of antiviral has been scarcely reported.In our study,mercaptoethane sulfonate?MES?was used as the modifier to synthesize BSA-coated tellurium nanoparticles with a unique triangular star shape?Te/BSA nanostars?.At the same time,BSA nanoparticles?BSA NPs?was used as a carrier to load antiviral drugs.Finally,a series of chemical characterizations of the synthesized nanomaterials were carried out and their effects on the inhibition of proliferation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus?PRRSV?were investigated.The research contents are as follows:1.Te/BSA nanostars were synthesized using mercaptoethane sulfonate?MES?,sodium tellurite?Na₂TeO₃?,and bovine serum albumin?BSA?as raw materials.Te/BSA nanostars were characterized by ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy?UV-vis?,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy?FT-IR?,dynamic light scattering?DLS?,transmission electron microscope?TEM?,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy?XPS?and X-ray diffraction?XRD?.The cytotoxicity of Te/BSA nanostars on MARC-145 cells was determined by MTT assay.Indirect immunofluorescence experiments,plaque assays,and western blot experiments were performed to verify the inhibitory effect of Te/BSA nanostars on PRRSV proliferation.Mechanically,Te/BSA nanostars restrain PRRSV proliferation in a multi-step process of mainly inhibiting the internalization of PRRSV.In addition,Te/BSA nanostars significantly reduced PRRSV-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species?ROS?production.Finally,Te/BSA nanospheres were synthesized using glutathione?GSH?instead of MES as a control,and Te/BSA nanostars were found to exhibit higher antiviral activity than Te/BSA nanospheres.The above results indicated that MES not only changes the shape of nanomaterials but also enhances their antiviral activity against PRRSV.These results will provide some references for the application of Te/BSA nanostars in the field of anti-virus.2.BSA NPs was used as a nanocarrier loading antiviral drug?2,4-dihydroxyphenyl??2,6-dimethylphenyl?methanone,and its molecular formula is C₁₅H₁₄O₃.Using desolvation method,C₁₅H₁₄O₃-BSA NPs was synthesized according to the ratio of BSA:C₁₅H₁₄O₃ to 1:2,1:3,1:4.UV-vis,TEM,DLS and other chemical characterizations were carried out.Simultaneously,the drug loading rate and in vitro release rate were calculated.It was found that C₁₅H₁₄O₃-BSA NPs synthesized at the ratio of 1:2 raw materials had the highest drug loading rate and in vitro release rate.Finally,the cytotoxicity of C₁₅H₁₄O₃-BSA NPs and C₁₅H₁₄O₃ on MARC-145 cells and their effect on the proliferation of PRRSV were evaluated.The results showed that C₁₅H₁₄O₃-BSA NPs had better antiviral effect than C₁₅H₁₄O₃.This will lay a foundation for the application of albumin drug delivery in antiviral field.