Research On Technology Of Exposure Data Processing And Thematic Mapping For Marine Disasters

The common marine disasters such as storm surge,tsunami,wave,sea ice and sea level rise have a serious impact on the ecosystem and social economic system of the disaster area.It is the basis of rapid and scientific disaster emergency and disposal to become accurately informed of potential distributions and possible rank of marine disasters.Therefore,it is of great value to apply the risk assessment and zoning for all kinds of marine disasters.Therefore,it is of great value to apply the risk assessment and zoning for all kinds of marine disasters.Aiming at five typical marine disasters such as storm tide,this paper studies and clarifies the technical system of risk assessment and zoning;designs a technical scheme for the construction of data set of disaster exposures for marine disasters,and constructs a data set of marine disaster exposures in Shandong Province;and designs a Thematic Atlas scheme for five types of typical marine disasters and a thematic mapping software was developed to achieve the construction of multi-scale marine disaster Thematic Atlas of coastal area in Shandong.The work of this paper mainly includes four aspects as follows:(1)The marine disaster risk assessment and zoning technology system is studied.According to the five types of typical marine disasters,including storm tide,tsunami,wave,sea ice and sea level rise,this paper analyzes the data source,evaluation factor index system,evaluation process and evaluation rank classification criteria from three aspects of disaster risk factors:vulnerability of exposures,degree of hazards and disaster risk.The paper clarifies risk assessment and zoning technology system of the five kinds of ocean disasters.(2)The data set of marine disaster exposures in Shandong is constructed.Based on the status and construction requirements of the data set of marine disaster exposures,the classification of exposures and the data characteristics of each category are analyzed,including 3 major categories such as the embankment project and 31 subcategories such as sluice.and the definition and precision requirements and the attribute values of these categories from the data storage format,the coordinate system and the elevation datum.And the data of exposures are analyzed from data storage format,definition and accuracy requirements of coordinate system and elevation datum,and attribute value specification.In view of the present situation of the shortage of data,incomplete coordinate information of line exposures and non-standard coordinate information,2148 pieces of 1:10000 fundamental geographic information data of Shandong Province are selected as supplementary data sources,and the code mapping relationship between 31 types of exposure data and over 900 kinds of fundamental geographic information data are determined after the conceptual relationship between them is analyzed.The transformation process from fundamental geographic information data to exposure data is designed,including coordinate system conversion,map splicing,extraction of exposure features,fusion and transformation of attribute values,and so on.The extraction of exposure data has been realized,based on GIS developing technology.And finally the marine disaster exposure data set in the coastal area of Shandong Province including 31 featureclasses has been formed.(3)A Thematic Atlas of marine disasters in Shandong Province is studied and constructed.Base map data processing,the study of thematic map representation methods,the design of color scheme,symbol scheme and map decoration scheme of the atlas are carried out in view of the requirements of marine disaster mapping,to realize the construction of Thematic Atlas of risk assessment and zoning of multiple marine disasters in Shandong,based on the risk assessment and zoning data of the 5 kinds of marine disasters in Shandong,the 1:10000 fundamental geographic information data of Shandong Province,the 1:250000 national coastal zone data,and the 1:500000 national fundamental geographic information data and so on.The total output of the maps reaches 765.Among all the disasters involved,the thematic mapping of risk assessment and zoning of storm tide disaster is realized at the scale of province,city and county.(4)Thematic mapping system for marine disasters is designed and implemented.Based on GIS development technology,a thematic mapping software for marine disasters is formed.The key links such as data preparation of the base map,rendering and symbolization of thematic maps,map decoration and batch output are integrated into the thematic mapping system,which reduces the human-computer interaction in the process of thematic mapping and improves the construction efficiency of the thematic atlas of marine disasters.The results of relevant studies in this paper have been applied in business departments,and initially met the needs of business.